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Electron beam lithography is a standard method for fabricating photonic nanostructures around semiconductor quantum dots (QDs), which are crucial for efficient single and indistinguishable photon sources in quantum information processing.…

We introduce X-Ray, a novel 3D sequential representation inspired by the penetrability of x-ray scans. X-Ray transforms a 3D object into a series of surface frames at different layers, making it suitable for generating 3D models from…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Tao Hu , Wenhang Ge , Yuyang Zhao , Gim Hee Lee

A Superoscillatory lens (SOL) is known to produce a sub-diffraction hotspot which is useful for high-resolution imaging. However, high-energy rings called sidelobes coexist with the central hotspot. Additionally, SOLs have not yet been…

The emergence of far-field super-resolution microscopy has rejuvenated the possibility for nanoscale imaging. Approaches to far-field super-resolution that utilize point scanning often depends on spatially reducing the size of the focused…

Optics · Physics 2022-06-17 Ning Xu , Guoxuan Liu , Qiaofeng Tan

Single-molecule microscopy has become an indispensable tool for biochemical analysis. The capability of characterizing distinct properties of individual molecules without averaging has provided us with a different perspective for the…

Applied Physics · Physics 2020-05-21 Miao-Hsuan Chien , Silvan Schmid

Nanoscale structural and electronic heterogeneities are prevalent in condensed matter physics. Investigating these heterogeneities in three dimensions (3D) has become an important task for understanding their material properties. To provide…

Aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopes (STEM) provide sub-angstrom lateral resolution; however, the large convergence angle greatly reduces the depth of field. For microscopes with a small depth of field,…

Materials Science · Physics 2011-12-15 Robert Hovden , Huolin L. Xin , David A. Muller

Ultraluminous X-ray sources (ULXs) represent the closest and most accessible laboratories to study sustained super-Eddington accretion onto compact objects. Over the past decade, the discoveries of coherent pulsations in a few ULXs has…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-12-24 R. Amato , M. Bachetti , R. Soria , A. Gúrpide , M. Imbrogno , C. Salvaggio , R. Salvaterra , M. Del Santo , S. Scaringi , P. Casella , A. Wolter

A solution to the inversion problem of scattering would offer aberration-free diffraction-limited 3D images without the resolution and depth-of-field limitations of lens-based tomographic systems. Powerful algorithms are increasingly being…

We demonstrate a prototype of a Focused Ion Beam machine based on the ionization of a laser-cooled cesium beam adapted for imaging and modifying different surfaces in the few-tens nanometer range. Efficient atomic ionization is obtained by…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2016-01-08 M. Viteau , M. Reveillard , L. Kime , B. Rasser , P. Sudraud , Y. Bruneau , G. Khalili , P. Pillet , D. Comparat , I. Guerri , A. Fioretti , D. Ciampini , M. Allegrini , F. Fuso

The necessity for compact table-top x-ray sources with higher brightness, shorter wavelength and shorter pulse duration has led to the development of complementary sources based on laser-plasma accelerators, in contrast to conventional…

The advent of the X-ray Free Electron Laser (XFEL) has made it possible to record diffraction snapshots of biological entities injected into the X-ray beam before the onset of radiation damage. Algorithmic means must then be used to…

Biological Physics · Physics 2014-04-30 A. Hosseinizadeh , P. Schwander , A. Dashti , R. Fung , R. M. D'Souza , A. Ourmazd

Optical super-resolution microscopy is a key technology for structural biology that offers high imaging contrast and live-cell compatibility. Minimal (fluorescence) photons flux microscopy, or MINFLUX, is an emerging super-resolution…

Optics · Physics 2025-08-29 Lukas Scheiderer , Zach Marin , Jonas Ries

Small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) technique enables convenient nanoscopic characterization for various systems and conditions. Nonetheless, lab-based SAXS systems intrinsically suffer from insufficient x-ray flux and limited angular…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2020-09-30 Benjamin Gutman , Michael Mrejen , Gil Shabat , Ram Avinery , Yoel Shkolnisky , Roy Beck

A cryo scanning transmission X-ray microscope, the cryo-STXM, has been designed and commissioned at the Canadian Light Source synchrotron. The instrument is designed to operate from 100 - 4000 eV (lambda = 12.4 - 0.31 nm). Users can insert…

We model the absorption of X-rays by gas obscuring the source and photoionized by it. We consider a broad range of column densities, including both Thomson-thin and Thomson-thick media. For the Thomson thin regime, we derive a simple…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-04-08 Taya Govreen-Segal , Ehud Nakar , Eliot Quataert

MINFLUX microscopy allows for localization of fluorophores with nanometer precision using targeted scanning with an illumination profile with a minimum. However, current scanning patterns and the overall procedure are based on heuristics,…

Computational Physics · Physics 2026-04-17 Steffen Schultze , Helmut Grubmüller

Imaging the magnetic structure of a material is essential to understanding the influence of the physical and chemical microstructure on its magnetic properties. Magnetic imaging techniques, however, have up to now been unable to probe 3D…

Watching the motion of electrons on their natural nanometre length- and femtosecond time scales is a fundamental goal and an open challenge of contemporary ultrafast science. Optical techniques and electron microscopy currently mostly…

Optics · Physics 2018-01-23 Jan Vogelsang , Germann Hergert , Dong Wang , Petra Groß , Christoph Lienau

Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) has reached ~ 50 picometer resolution in a high vacuum, enabling single-atom sensitive imaging of nanomaterials. Extending this capability to gaseous environments would allow for similar visualizations…