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In this paper we provide the asymptotic theory of the general of $\phi$-divergences measures, which include the most common divergence measures : Renyi and Tsallis families and the Kullback-Leibler measure. We are interested in divergence…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2019-04-01 Ba Amadou Diadie , Gane Samb Lo

A distance measure is presented between two unitary propagators of quantum systems of differing dimensions along with a corresponding method of computation. A typical application is to compare the propagator of the actual (real) process…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Robert L. Kosut , Matthew Grace , Constantin Brif , Herschel Rabitz

Formulae for the line-of-sight and transverse comoving distances, proper motion distance, angular diameter distance, luminosity distance, k-correction, distance modulus, comoving volume, lookback time, age, and object intersection…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 David W. Hogg

In this paper, we derive some upper and lower bounds and inequalities for the total variation distance (TVD) and the Kullback-Leibler divergence (KLD), also known as the relative entropy, between two probability measures $\mu$ and $\nu$…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-01-07 Ievlev Pavel , Timofei Shashkov

We suggest new recursive formulas to compute the exact value of the Kullback-Leibler distance (KLD) between two general Hidden Markov Trees (HMTs). For homogeneous HMTs with regular topology, such as homogeneous Hidden Markov Models (HMMs),…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2012-10-10 Vittorio Perduca , Grégory Nuel

In this paper we provide an asymptotic theory for the symmetric version of the Kullback--Leibler (KL) divergence. We define a estimator for this divergence and study its asymptotic properties. In particular, we prove Law of Large Numbers…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-01-31 Helder Rojas , Artem Logachov

In order to reveal possible non-homogeneities in the spatial distribution of long (T_90 > 2^s) gamma-ray bursts we have examined 201 of them with known redshifts z. For different functional forms of metric distance r(z)we use the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-18 A. A. Raikov , V. V. Orlov , O. B. Beketov

Recently, a new distance has been introduced for the graphs of two point-to-set operators, one of which is maximally monotone. When both operators are the subdifferential of a proper lower semicontinuous convex function, this distance…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2020-09-29 Regina S. Burachik , Minh N. Dao , Scott B. Lindstrom

The concepts of similarity and distance are crucial in data mining. We consider the problem of defining the distance between two data sets by comparing summary statistics computed from the data sets. The initial definition of our distance…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-02-05 Nikolaj Tatti

We analyze in detail the two-dimensional Kolmogorov-Smirnov test as a tool to learn about the distribution of the sources of the ultra-high energy cosmic rays. We confront in particular models based on AGN observed in X rays, on galaxies…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Diego Harari , Silvia Mollerach , Esteban Roulet

We approximate a given rational spectral density by one that is consistent with prescribed second-order statistics. Such an approximation is obtained by minimizing a suitable distance from the given spectrum and under the constraints…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2013-09-19 Mattia Zorzi

Gaussian Processes and the Kullback-Leibler divergence have been deeply studied in Statistics and Machine Learning. This paper marries these two concepts and introduce the local Kullback-Leibler divergence to learn about intervals where two…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-07-13 Nicolás Hernández , Gabriel Martos

In this paper we provide the asymptotic theory of the general of $\phi$-divergences measures, which includes the most common divergence measures : Renyi and Tsallis families and the Kullback-Leibler measure. Instead of using the Parzen…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-04-18 Gane Samb Lo , Amadou Diadié Ba , Diam Ba

A random matrix representation is proposed for the two-dimensional (2D) Coulomb gas at inverse temperature $\beta$. For $2\times 2$ matrices with Gaussian distribution we analytically compute the nearest neighbour spacing distribution of…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2022-07-29 Gernot Akemann , Adam Mielke , Patricia Päßler

We study the non-asymptotic behavior of Coulomb gases in dimension two and more. Such gases are modeled by an exchangeable Boltzmann-Gibbs measure with a singular two-body interaction. We obtain concentration of measure inequalities for the…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2018-07-05 Djalil Chafai , Adrien Hardy , Mylène Maïda

We study concentration inequalities for the Kullback--Leibler (KL) divergence between the empirical distribution and the true distribution. Applying a recursion technique, we improve over the method of types bound uniformly in all regimes…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2019-10-22 Jay Mardia , Jiantao Jiao , Ervin Tánczos , Robert D. Nowak , Tsachy Weissman

Starting with a similarity function between objects, it is possible to define a distance metric on pairs of objects, and more generally on probability distributions over them. These distance metrics have a deep basis in functional analysis,…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2011-03-15 Sarang Joshi , Raj Varma Kommaraju , Jeff M. Phillips , Suresh Venkatasubramanian

This work presents an upper-bound to value that the Kullback-Leibler (KL) divergence can reach for a class of probability distributions called quantum distributions (QD). The aim is to find a distribution $U$ which maximizes the KL…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-11 Vincenzo Bonnici

The Kullback-Leibler (KL) divergence is frequently used in data science. For discrete distributions on large state spaces, approximations of probability vectors may result in a few small negative entries, rendering the KL divergence…

We introduce a general class of distances (metrics) between Markov chains, which are based on linear behaviour. This class encompasses distances given topologically (such as the total variation distance or trace distance) as well as by…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2016-06-27 Przemysław Daca , Thomas A. Henzinger , Jan Křetínský , Tatjana Petrov
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