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Structured data summarization involves generation of natural language summaries from structured input data. In this work, we consider summarizing structured data occurring in the form of tables as they are prevalent across a wide variety of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-07-16 Parag Jain , Anirban Laha , Karthik Sankaranarayanan , Preksha Nema , Mitesh M. Khapra , Shreyas Shetty

Structured learning is appropriate when predicting structured outputs such as trees, graphs, or sequences. Most prior work requires the training set to consist of complete trees, graphs or sequences. Specifying such detailed ground truth…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2012-07-03 Xinghua Lou , Fred Hamprecht

Annotated images are required for both supervised model training and evaluation in image classification. Manually annotating images is arduous and expensive, especially for multi-labeled images. A recent trend for conducting such laboursome…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-12-07 Jianzhe Lin , Tianze Yu , Z. Jane Wang

Attribution-based explanations are garnering increasing attention recently and have emerged as the predominant approach towards \textit{eXplanable Artificial Intelligence}~(XAI). However, the absence of consistent configurations and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-30 Jiarui Duan , Haoling Li , Haofei Zhang , Hao Jiang , Mengqi Xue , Li Sun , Mingli Song , Jie Song

Human annotations are vital to supervised learning, yet annotators often disagree on the correct label, especially as annotation tasks increase in complexity. A strategy to improve label quality is to ask multiple annotators to label the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-22 Alexander Braylan , Madalyn Marabella , Omar Alonso , Matthew Lease

In this paper, we propose two automated text processing frameworks specifically designed to analyze online reviews. The objective of the first framework is to summarize the reviews dataset by extracting essential sentence. This is performed…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-04-22 Xiangpeng Wan , Hakim Ghazzai , Yehia Massoud

Human evaluation is the foundation upon which the evaluation of both summarization systems and automatic metrics rests. However, existing human evaluation studies for summarization either exhibit a low inter-annotator agreement or have…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-07 Yixin Liu , Alexander R. Fabbri , Pengfei Liu , Yilun Zhao , Linyong Nan , Ruilin Han , Simeng Han , Shafiq Joty , Chien-Sheng Wu , Caiming Xiong , Dragomir Radev

In this paper, we present ASPEN, an answer set programming (ASP) implementation of a recently proposed declarative framework for collective entity resolution (ER). While an ASP encoding had been previously suggested, several practical…

The comparison of dental records is a standardized technique in forensic dentistry used to speed up the identification of individuals in multiple-comparison scenarios. Specifically, the odontogram comparison is a procedure to compute…

Learning from preference-based feedback has become an effective approach for aligning LLMs across diverse tasks. However, high-quality human-annotated preference data remains expensive and scarce. Existing methods address this challenge…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Ruiyao Xu , Mihir Parmar , Tiankai Yang , Zhengyu Hu , Yue Zhao , Kaize Ding

Crowdsourcing is a popular approach to collect annotations for unlabeled data instances. It involves collecting a large number of annotations from several, often naive untrained annotators for each data instance which are then combined to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-05-08 Anil Ramakrishna , Rahul Gupta , Shrikanth Narayanan

Large language models can now directly generate answers to many factual questions without referencing external sources. Unfortunately, relatively little attention has been paid to methods for evaluating the quality and correctness of these…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-01-11 Negar Arabzadeh , Amin Bigdeli , Charles L. A. Clarke

Many platforms for benchmarking optimization algorithms offer users the possibility of sharing their experimental data with the purpose of promoting reproducible and reusable research. However, different platforms use different data models…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2021-04-27 Ana Kostovska , Diederick Vermetten , Carola Doerr , Sašo Džeroski , Panče Panov , Tome Eftimov

Machine learning models are typically evaluated by computing similarity with reference annotations and trained by maximizing similarity with such. Especially in the biomedical domain, annotations are subjective and suffer from low inter-…

Preference optimization methods have been successfully applied to improve not only the alignment of large language models (LLMs) with human values, but also specific natural language tasks such as summarization and stylistic continuations.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-06 Salem Lahlou , Abdalgader Abubaker , Hakim Hacid

Entity linking (EL) is the task of automatically identifying entity mentions in text and resolving them to a corresponding entity in a reference knowledge base like Wikipedia. Throughout the past decade, a plethora of EL systems and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-01-15 Renato Stoffalette João , Pavlos Fafalios , Stefan Dietze

Creating datasets manually by human annotators is a laborious task that can lead to biased and inhomogeneous labels. We propose a flexible, semi-automatic framework for labeling data for relation extraction. Furthermore, we provide a…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-09-07 Jeremias Bohn , Jannik Fischbach , Martin Schmitt , Hinrich Schütze , Andreas Vogelsang

In this work, we evaluate annotator disagreement in Word-in-Context (WiC) tasks exploring the relationship between contextual meaning and disagreement as part of the CoMeDi shared task competition. While prior studies have modeled…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-27 Olufunke O. Sarumi , Charles Welch , Lucie Flek , Jörg Schlötterer

Automatic annotation of images with descriptive words is a challenging problem with vast applications in the areas of image search and retrieval. This problem can be viewed as a label-assignment problem by a classifier dealing with a very…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-05-09 Amara Tariq , Hassan Foroosh

Many real-world phenomena are observed at multiple resolutions. Predictive models designed to predict these phenomena typically consider different resolutions separately. This approach might be limiting in applications where predictions are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-01-07 Guruprasad Nayak , Rahul Ghosh , Xiaowei Jia , Varun Mithal , Vipin Kumar