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Eccentricity is an important orbital parameter. Understanding its effect on planetary climate and habitability is critical for us to search for a habitable world beyond our solar system. The orbital configurations of M-dwarf planets are…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2017-10-05 Yuwei Wang , Yonggang Liu , Feng Tian , Yongyun Hu , Yi Huang

The ice-albedo feedback is a potentially important de-stabilizing effect for the climate of terrestrial planets. It is based on the positive feedback between decreasing surface temperatures, an increase of snow and ice cover and an…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-16 P. von Paris , F. Selsis , D. Kitzmann , H. Rauer

Earth-like planets within the liquid water habitable zone of M type stars may evolve into synchronous rotators. On these planets, the sub-stellar hemisphere experiences perpetual daylight while the opposing anti-stellar hemisphere…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-23 Jacob Haqq-Misra , Ravi Kumar Kopparapu

The habitability of terrestrial exoplanets orbiting M dwarfs is a key topic in the search for extraterrestrial life. The climates of these planets differ significantly from the Earth's due to their likely tidal locking, resulting in a…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2026-03-11 Keigo Taniguchi , Takanori Kodama , Martin Turbet , Guillaume Chaverot , Ehouarn Millour , Hidenori Genda

The equilibrium rotation rate of a planet is determined by the sum of torques acting on its solid body. For planets with atmospheres, the dominant torques are usually the gravitational tide, which acts to slow the planet's rotation rate,…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-10-07 Andrea M. Salazar , Robin Wordsworth

Planets in the habitable zone of lower-mass stars are often assumed to be in a state of tidally synchronized rotation, which would considerably affect their putative habitability. Although thermal tides cause Venus to rotate retrogradely,…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-02-24 Jérémy Leconte , Hanbo Wu , Kristen Menou , Norman Murray

Hot Jupiters, orbiting their host stars at extremely close distances, undergo tidal evolution, with some being engulfed by their stars due to angular momentum exchanges induced by tidal forces. However, achieving double synchronization can…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-03-19 Shuaishuai Guo , Jianheng Guo , Jie Su , Dongdong Yan

We perform numerical simulations of the TRAPPIST-1 system of seven exoplanets orbiting a nearby M dwarf, starting with a previously suggested stable configuration. The long-term stability of this configuration is confirmed, but the motion…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-05-01 Valeri V. Makarov , Ciprian T. Berghea , Michael Efroimsky

Planetary obliquity (axial tilt) plays an important role in regulating the climate evolution and habitability of water-covered planets. Despite the suspicion of large obliquities in several exoplanetary systems, this phenomenon remains hard…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-10-15 Y Wu , S. Portegies Zwart , H Dijkstra

Asteroid material is detected in white dwarfs (WDs) as atmospheric pollution by metals, in the form of gas/dust discs, or in photometric transits. Within the current paradigm, minor bodies need to be scattered, most likely by planets, into…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-08-12 R. F. Maldonado , E. Villaver , A. J. Mustill , M. Chávez , E. Bertone

Between 2.4 and 0.6 Gy ago, our planet underwent several episodes of global glaciations, including the Snowball Earth case that ended 635 My ago. Causes of this last Snowball event presumably included a decreased greenhouse gas…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2026-05-06 Erica Bisesi , Giuseppe Murante , Antonello Provenzale , Jost von Hardenberg , Michele Maris , Laura Silva

Close-in planets undergo strong tidal interactions with the parent star that modify their spins and orbits. In the two-body problem, the final stage for tidal evolution is the synchronisation of the rotation and orbital periods, and the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-07-19 Ema F. S. Valente , Alexandre C. M. Correia

Among potentially habitable worlds, rocky planets orbiting M dwarfs offer the most favorable prospects for atmospheric characterization, yet their climates may differ substantially from those of Earth analogs. In the tidally locked limit,…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2026-04-07 Howard Chen , Aida Ildirimzade , Evelyn Macdonald

Robust atmospheric and radiative transfer modeling will be required to properly interpret reflected light and thermal emission spectra of terrestrial exoplanets. This will help break observational degeneracies between the numerous…

A simple phenomenological account for planetary climate instabilities is presented. The description is based on the standard model where the balance of incoming stellar radiation and outward thermal radiation is described by the effective…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-11-08 Kasper W Olsen , Jakob Bohr

Hycean planets are hypothetical exoplanets characterized by $H_2O$ oceans and $H_2$-rich atmospheres. These planets are high-priority targets for biosignature searches, as they combine abundant surface liquid water with easy-to-characterize…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-10-30 Yichen Gao , Daniel D. B. Koll , Feng Ding

Planets with large moon(s) or those in the habitable zone of low-mass stars may experience much stronger tidal force and tide-induced ocean mixing than that on Earth. Thus, the vertical diffusivity (or, more precisely, diapycnal…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-02-02 Yidongfang Si , Jun Yang , Yonggang Liu

The internal thermal and magnetic evolution of rocky exoplanets is critical to their habitability. We focus on the thermal-orbital evolution of Earth-mass planets around low mass M stars whose radiative habitable zone overlaps with the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-09-25 Peter Driscoll , Rory Barnes

Most transiting planets orbit very close to their parent star, causing strong tidal forces between the two bodies. Tidal interaction can modify the dynamics of the system through orbital alignment, circularisation, synchronisation, and…

Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-13 Frederic Pont

The insolation a planet receives from its parent star is the main driver of the climate and depends on the planet's orbital configuration. Planets with non-zero obliquity and eccentricity experience seasonal insolation variations. As a…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-09-22 Ilai Guendelman , Yohai Kaspi