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The problem of learning a directed acyclic graph (DAG) up to Markov equivalence is equivalent to the problem of finding a permutation of the variables that induces the sparsest graph. Without additional assumptions, this task is known to be…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-11-10 Chandler Squires , Joshua Amaniampong , Caroline Uhler

Dense subgraph extraction is a fundamental problem in graph analysis and data mining, aimed at identifying cohesive and densely connected substructures within a given graph. It plays a crucial role in various domains, including social…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-03-01 Chia-Yang Hung , Chih-Ya Shen

In the GEODETIC SET problem, an input is a (di)graph $G$ and integer $k$, and the objective is to decide whether there exists a vertex subset $S$ of size $k$ such that any vertex in $V(G)\setminus S$ lies on a shortest (directed) path…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Florent Foucaud , Narges Ghareghani , Lucas Lorieau , Morteza Mohammad-Noori , Rasa Parvini Oskuei , Prafullkumar Tale

We show that every directed graph $G$ with $n$ vertices and $m$ edges admits a directed acyclic graph (DAG) with $m^{1+o(1)}$ edges, called a DAG projection, that can either $(1+1/\text{polylog} (n))$-approximate distances between all pairs…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Bernhard Haeupler , Yonggang Jiang , Thatchaphol Saranurak

Phylogenetic networks generalize phylogenetic trees by allowing reticulate evolutionary events such as horizontal gene transfer and hybridization. Among the many subclasses of phylogenetic networks, orchard networks have attracted…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2026-05-20 Peng Li , Zhiwei Liu , Yangjing Long

Graph neural networks (GNNs) are among the most powerful tools in deep learning. They routinely solve complex problems on unstructured networks, such as node classification, graph classification, or link prediction, with high accuracy.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-21 Maciej Besta , Torsten Hoefler

Bayesian networks represent relations between variables using a directed acyclic graph (DAG). Learning the DAG is an NP-hard problem and exact learning algorithms are feasible only for small sets of variables. We propose two scalable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-02 Pierre Gillot , Pekka Parviainen

In image labeling, local representations for image units are usually generated from their surrounding image patches, thus long-range contextual information is not effectively encoded. In this paper, we introduce recurrent neural networks…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2015-11-24 Bing Shuai , Zhen Zuo , Gang Wang , Bing Wang

Estimating the structure of directed acyclic graphs (DAGs) from observational data remains a significant challenge in machine learning. Most research in this area concentrates on learning a single DAG for the entire population. This paper…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-02-21 Ryan Thompson , Edwin V. Bonilla , Robert Kohn

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have emerged as a powerful tool for learning on graph-structured data, finding applications in numerous domains including social network analysis and molecular biology. Within this broad category, Asynchronous…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-26 Nicolas Bessone

The emergence of massive graph data sets requires fast mining algorithms. Centrality measures to identify important vertices belong to the most popular analysis methods in graph mining. A measure that is gaining attention is forest…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-01-18 Alexander van der Grinten , Eugenio Angriman , Maria Predari , Henning Meyerhenke

The study of graph products is a major research topic and typically concerns the term $f(G*H)$, e.g., to show that $f(G*H)=f(G)f(H)$. In this paper, we study graph products in a non-standard form $f(R[G*H]$ where $R$ is a "reduction", a…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2014-08-06 Parinya Chalermsook , Bundit Laekhanukit , Danupon Nanongkai

Recovering the underlying Directed Acyclic Graph (DAG) structures from observational data presents a formidable challenge, partly due to the combinatorial nature of the DAG-constrained optimization problem. Recently, researchers have…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-26 Zhen Zhang , Ignavier Ng , Dong Gong , Yuhang Liu , Mingming Gong , Biwei Huang , Kun Zhang , Anton van den Hengel , Javen Qinfeng Shi

Learning the structure of Directed Acyclic Graphs (DAGs) presents a significant challenge due to the vast combinatorial search space of possible graphs, which scales exponentially with the number of nodes. Recent advancements have redefined…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-01 Klea Ziu , Slavomír Hanzely , Loka Li , Kun Zhang , Martin Takáč , Dmitry Kamzolov

One of the fundamental challenges to scale self-driving is being able to create accurate high definition maps (HD maps) with low cost. Current attempts to automate this process typically focus on simple scenarios, estimate independent maps…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-12-24 Namdar Homayounfar , Wei-Chiu Ma , Justin Liang , Xinyu Wu , Jack Fan , Raquel Urtasun

Deep neural networks (DNNs) lack the precise semantics and definitive probabilistic interpretation of probabilistic graphical models (PGMs). In this paper, we propose an innovative solution by constructing infinite tree-structured PGMs that…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-03-25 Boyao Li , Alexander J. Thomson , Houssam Nassif , Matthew M. Engelhard , David Page

Counting and uniform sampling of directed acyclic graphs (DAGs) from a Markov equivalence class are fundamental tasks in graphical causal analysis. In this paper, we show that these tasks can be performed in polynomial time, solving a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-18 Marcel Wienöbst , Max Bannach , Maciej Liśkiewicz

Deep neural networks (DNNs) play an increasingly important role in various computer systems. In order to create these networks, engineers typically specify a desired topology, and then use an automated training algorithm to select the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-13 Ori Lahav , Guy Katz

Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) have recently shown state of the art performance on semantic segmentation tasks, however, they still suffer from problems of poor boundary localization and spatial fragmented predictions. The difficulties lie in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-10-29 Peng Jiang , Fanglin Gu , Yunhai Wang , Changhe Tu , Baoquan Chen

We explore multi-scale convolutional neural nets (CNNs) for image classification. Contemporary approaches extract features from a single output layer. By extracting features from multiple layers, one can simultaneously reason about high,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2015-05-21 Songfan Yang , Deva Ramanan