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Knowledge graphs have become popular over the past years and frequently rely on the Resource Description Framework (RDF) or Property Graphs (PG) as underlying data models. However, the query languages for these two data models -- SPARQL for…
Increasing amounts of scientific and social data are published in the Resource Description Framework (RDF). Although the RDF data can be queried using the SPARQL language, even the SPARQL-based operation has a limitation in implementing…
How can we maximize the value of accumulated RDF data? Whereas the RDF data can be queried using the SPARQL language, even the SPARQL-based operation has a limitation in implementing traversal or analytical algorithms. Recently, a variety…
Both the notion of Property Graphs (PG) and the Resource Description Framework (RDF) are commonly used models for representing graph-shaped data. While there exist some system-specific solutions to convert data from one model to the other,…
Graph data management (also called NoSQL) has revealed beneficial characteristics in terms of flexibility and scalability by differently balancing between query expressivity and schema flexibility. This peculiar advantage has resulted into…
In graph data applications, data is primarily maintained using two models: RDF (Resource Description Framework) and property graph. The property graph model is widely adopted by industry, leading to property graph databases generally…
Gremlin is a graph traversal machine and language designed, developed, and distributed by the Apache TinkerPop project. Gremlin, as a graph traversal machine, is composed of three interacting components: a graph $G$, a traversal $\Psi$, and…
We survey foundational features underlying modern graph query languages. We first discuss two popular graph data models: edge-labelled graphs, where nodes are connected by directed, labelled edges; and property graphs, where nodes and edges…
As of today, there exists no standard language for querying Linked Data on the Web, where navigation across distributed data sources is a key feature. A natural candidate seems to be SPARQL, which recently has been enhanced with…
We propose an efficient and scalable architecture for processing generalized graph-pattern queries as they are specified by the current W3C recommendation of the SPARQL 1.1 "Query Language" component. Specifically, the class of queries we…
Graph database users today face a choice between two technology stacks: the Resource Description Framework (RDF), on one side, is a data model with built-in semantics that was originally developed by the W3C to exchange interconnected data…
RDF has seen increased adoption in recent years, prompting the standardization of the SPARQL query language for RDF, and the development of local and distributed engines for processing SPARQL queries. This survey paper provides a…
The development of practical query languages for graph databases runs well ahead of the underlying theory. The ISO committee in charge of database query languages is currently developing a new standard called Graph Query Language (GQL) as…
Graph query languages feature mainly two kinds of queries when applied to a graph database: those inspired by relational databases which return tables such as SELECT queries and those which return graphs such as CONSTRUCT queries in SPARQL.…
Although SPARQL has been the predominant query language over RDF graphs, some query intentions cannot be well captured by only using SPARQL syntax. On the other hand, the keyword search enjoys widespread usage because of its intuitive way…
Knowledge graphs represented as RDF datasets are integral to many machine learning applications. RDF is supported by a rich ecosystem of data management systems and tools, most notably RDF database systems that provide a SPARQL query…
SPARQL is the standard query language for RDF graphs. In its strict instantiation, it only offers querying according to the RDF semantics and would thus ignore the semantics of data expressed with respect to (RDF) schemas or (OWL)…
Navigational graph queries are an important class of queries that canextract implicit binary relations over the nodes of input graphs. Most of the navigational query languages used in the RDF community, e.g. property paths in W3C SPARQL 1.1…
Resource Description Framework (RDF) and Property Graph (PG) are the two most commonly used data models for representing, storing, and querying graph data. We present Expressive Reasoning Graph Store (ERGS) -- a graph store built on top of…
The class of queries for detecting path is an important as those can extract implicit binary relations over the nodes of input graphs. Most of the path querying languages used by the RDF community, like property paths in W3C SPARQL 1.1 and…