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The topic of this paper is the subtle interplay between countability and representations. In particular, we establish that the definition of countability of a certain set $X$ crucially hinges on the associated equivalence relation $=_{X}$.…

Logic · Mathematics 2026-02-09 Sam Sanders

We show, in Zermelo-Fraenkel set theory without the Axiom of Choice, that the existence of a discontinuous homomorphism of the additive group of real numbers induces a selector for the Vitali equivalence relation $\mathbb{R}/\mathbb{Q}$.…

Logic · Mathematics 2020-06-09 Paul B. Larson , Jindrich Zapletal

We present a novel treatment of set theory in a four-valued paraconsistent and paracomplete logic, i.e., a logic in which propositions can be both true and false, and neither true nor false. Our approach is a significant departure from…

Logic · Mathematics 2023-10-18 Yurii Khomskii , Hrafn Valtýr Oddsson

We study rigidity properties of linearly ordered sets (chains) under automorphisms, order-embeddings, epimorphisms, and endomorphisms. We focus on two main cases, dense subchains of the real numbers, and uncountable dense chains of higher…

Logic · Mathematics 2018-12-24 Mayra Montalvo-Ballesteros John Truss

Using techniques developed in the revision theory of truth, I build a model for the set theory NF (New Foundations) developed by Quine in ZF, therefore proving its consistency relative to ZF. The model is essentially a term model; the sets…

Logic · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Mika Oksanen

In Feferman's work, explicit mathematics and theories of generalized inductive definitions play a central role. One objective of this article is to describe the connections with Martin-Lof type theory and constructive Zermelo-Fraenkel set…

Logic · Mathematics 2018-01-08 Michael Rathjen

In this note we generalize the Moroianu's fixed point theorem. We propose a very elegant common proof of the Bourbaki's fixed point theorem and our result. We apply our result to give a very elegant proof of the fact that, in the…

Logic · Mathematics 2019-06-05 Mohssin Zarouali-Darkaoui

Permissive-Nominal Logic (PNL) extends first-order predicate logic with term-formers that can bind names in their arguments. It takes a semantics in (permissive-)nominal sets. In PNL, the forall-quantifier or lambda-binder are just…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2023-12-29 Gilles Dowek , Murdoch J. Gabbay

We introduce a formal theory called Flow where the intended interpretation of its terms is that of function. We prove ZF, ZFC and ZFU (ZF with atoms) can be immersed within Flow as natural consequences from our framework. Our first…

Logic · Mathematics 2021-03-31 Adonai Sant'Anna , Renato Brodzinski , Marcio de França , Otávio Bueno

We show that if (M,E,E') satisfies the first order Zermelo-Fraenkel axioms of set theory when the membership relation is E and also when the membership relation is E', and in both cases the formulas are allowed to contain both E and E',…

Logic · Mathematics 2019-07-31 Jouko Väänänen

In this note, we present a characterization of sets definable in Skolem arithmetic, i.e., the first-order theory of natural numbers with multiplication. This characterization allows us to prove the decidability of the theory. The idea is…

Logic · Mathematics 2025-10-03 Łukasz Kamiński

The aim of this paper is to propose a many-valued modal framework to formalize reasoning with both graded preferences and propositions, in the style of van Benthem et al.'s classical modal logics for preferences. To do so, we start from Bou…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2019-11-18 Amanda Vidal , Francesc Esteva , Lluis Godo

Transfinite set theory including the axiom of choice supplies the following basic theorems: (1) Mappings between infinite sets can always be completed, such that at least one of the sets is exhausted. (2) The real numbers can be well…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 W. Mueckenheim

This is the second in a series of papers on the relation between algebraic set theory and predicative formal systems. In part I, we introduced the notion of a predicative category of small maps and obtained the result that such categories…

Logic · Mathematics 2008-01-16 Benno van den Berg , Ieke Moerdijk

Symmetry learning has proven to be an effective approach for extracting the hidden structure of data, with the concept of equivariance relation playing the central role. However, most of the current studies are built on architectural theory…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-02-15 Masanori Koyama , Kenji Fukumizu , Kohei Hayashi , Takeru Miyato

Permissive-Nominal Logic (PNL) extends first-order predicate logic with term-formers that can bind names in their arguments. It takes a semantics in (permissive-)nominal sets. In PNL, the forall-quantifier or lambda-binder are just…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2013-05-28 Gilles Dowek , Murdoch Gabbay

We construct a theory definitionally equivalent to first-order Peano arithmetic PA and a non-standard computable model of this theory. The same technique allows us to construct a theory definitionally equivalent to Zermelo-Fraenkel set…

Logic · Mathematics 2022-09-05 Fedor Pakhomov

We study a new proof principle in the context of constructive Zermelo-Fraenkel set theory based on what we will call "non-deterministic inductive definitions". We give applications to formal topology as well as a predicative justification…

Logic · Mathematics 2012-09-17 Benno van den Berg

Category theory provides a powerful tool to organize mathematics. A sample of this descriptive power is given by the categorical analysis of the practice of "classes as shorthands" in ZF set theory. In this case category theory provides a…

Logic · Mathematics 2012-12-14 Samuele Maschio

Usual math sets have special types: countable, compact, open, occasionally Borel, rarely projective, etc. Each such set is described by a single Set Theory formula with parameters unrelated to other formulas. Exotic expressions involving…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Leonid A. Levin