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We generalize a result of Tibor Gallai as follows: for any finite set of points $\mathcal{S}$ in the plane, if the plane is colored in finitely many colors, then there exist $2^{\aleph_0}$ monochromatic subsets of the plane homothetic to…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-08-11 Jeremy F. Alm

We show that for any finite partition of $\mathbb{N}$ there is an infinite sequence whose finite sums are monochromatic and such that infinitely many of the products with a fixed number of factors are monochromatic -- though not necessarily…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-05-26 Conner Griffin

The Dense Hindman's Theorem states that, in any finite coloring of the integers, one may find a single color and a "dense" set $B_1$, for each $b_1\in B_1$ a "dense" set $B_2^{b_1}$ (depending on $b_1$), for each $b_2\in B_2^{b_1}$ a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-12-03 Henry Towsner

An old question in Ramsey theory asks whether any finite coloring of the natural numbers admits a monochromatic pair $\{x+y,xy\}$. We answer this question affirmatively in a strong sense by exhibiting a large new class of non-linear…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-05-06 Joel Moreira

We prove partition regularity of the configuration $x,y,x+y,y/x$ in a strong infinitary form that extends Hindman's Theorem. We study the related issue of partition regularity of configurations involving products of a degree one polynomial…

A celebrated but non-effective theorem of Tibor Gallai states that for any finite set $A$ of $\Z^n$ and for any finite number of colors $c$ there is a minimal $m$ such that no coloring of the finite $m^n$-grid can avoid that a homothetic…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-12-30 Bogdan Dumitru , Mihai Prunescu

Hindman's Theorem (HT) states that for every coloring of $\mathbb N$ with finitely many colors, there is an infinite set $H \subseteq \mathbb N$ such that all nonempty sums of distinct elements of $H$ have the same color. The investigation…

We have observations concerning the set theoretic strength of the following combinatorial statements without the axiom of choice. 1. If in a partially ordered set, all chains are finite and all antichains are countable, then the set is…

Logic · Mathematics 2022-06-28 Amitayu Banerjee , Zalán Gyenis

It is proved that in Godel's constructible universe, for every infinite successor cardinal k, there exist graphs G and H of size and chromatic number k, for which the tensor product graph (G x H) is countably chromatic.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-07-26 Assaf Rinot

Given a finite coloring (or finite partition) of the free semigroup $A^+$ over a set $A$, we consider various types of monochromatic factorizations of right sided infinite words $x\in A^\omega$. Some stronger versions of the usual notion of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-08-11 Aldo de Luca , Luca Q. Zamboni

In 2011, Neil Hindman proved that for every natural number $n,m$ the polynomial \begin{equation*} \sum_{i=1}^{n} x_{i}-\prod\limits_{j=1}^{m} y_{j} \end{equation*} has monochromatic solutions for every finite coloration of $\mathbb{N}$. We…

Logic · Mathematics 2013-12-13 Lorenzo Luperi Baglini

Let $P$ be a set of $n$ points in the plane, not all on a line, each colored \emph{red} or \emph{blue}. The classical Motzkin--Rabin theorem guarantees the existence of a \emph{monochromatic} line. Motivated by the seminal work of Green and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-02-20 Sujoy Bhore , Konrad Swanepoel

Hindman's theorem says that every finite coloring of the natural numbers has a monochromatic set of finite sums. Ramsey algebras are structures that satisfy an analogue of Hindman's Theorem. This paper introduces Ramsey algebras and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-08-04 Wen Chean Teh

A system of homogeneous linear equations with integer coefficients is partition regular if, whenever the natural numbers are finitely coloured, the system has a monochromatic solution. The Finite Sums theorem provided the first example of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-12-20 Ben Barber , Neil Hindman , Imre Leader

In this paper we prove that if $S$ is any finite configuration of points in $\mathbb{Z}^2$, then any finite coloring of $\mathbb{E}^2$ must contain uncountably many monochromatic subsets homothetic to $S$. We extend a result of Brown,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-04-09 Jeremy F. Alm

This article resolves two related problems in Ramsey theory on the integers. We show that for any finite coloring of the set of natural numbers, there exist numbers $a$ and $b$ for which the configuration $\{a, b, ab, a(b+1)\}$ is…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-03-17 Sayan Goswami

There are many extremely challenging problems about existence of monochromatic arithmetic progressions in colorings of groups. Many theorems hold only for abelian groups as results on non-abelian groups are often much more difficult to…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-11-11 Erik Sjöland

Hindman conjectured that any finite partition of $\mathbb{N}$ has a monochromatic $\{x,y,x+y,xy\}$. Recently, Bowen proved the result for all 2-partition. In this paper, we extend Bowen's result to any semiring $(S,+,\cdot)$ such that $Ss$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-05-01 T. Y. Tao , Neil N. Y. Yang

We show that under the proper forcing axiom the class of all Aronszajn lines behave like $\sigma$-scattered orders under the embeddability relation. In particular, we are able to show that the class of better quasi order labeled fragmented…

Logic · Mathematics 2020-03-30 Keegan Dasilva Barbosa

Hindman's Theorem says that every finite coloring of the positive natural numbers has a monochromatic set of finite sums. Ramsey algebras, recently introduced, are structures that satisfy an analogue of Hindman's Theorem. It is an open…

Logic · Mathematics 2016-08-04 Wen Chean Teh