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Related papers: Why the Cosmological Constant is so Small ? A Stri…

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The cosmological constant problem is turned around to argue for a new foundational physics postulate underlying a consistent quantum theory of gravity and matter, such as string theory. This postulate is a quantum equivalence principle…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2008-11-26 Vishnu Jejjala , Djordje Minic

In a quest to explain the small value of the today's cosmological constant, following the approach introduced in [1], we show that the theoretical value of cosmological constant is consistent with its observational value. In more detail, we…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-10-08 T. Rostami , S. Jalalzadeh

A long-standing problem of theoretical physics is the exceptionally small value of the cosmological constant $\Lambda \sim 10^{-120}$ measured in natural Planckian units. Here we derive this tiny number from a toroidal string cosmology…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2011-07-19 Mar Bastero-Gil , Paul H. Frampton , Laura Mersini

There appears to be no natural explanation for the cosmological constant's small size within the framework of local relativistic field theories. We argue that the recently-discussed framework for which the observable universe is identified…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-10-31 C. P. Burgess , R. C. Myers , F. Quevedo

Within conventional big bang cosmology, it has proven to be very difficult to understand why today's cosmological constant is so small. In this paper, we show that a cyclic model of the universe can naturally incorporate a dynamical…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-09-01 Paul J. Steinhardt , Neil Turok

We review various aspects of de Sitter spacetime in string theory: its status as an effective field theory spacetime solution, its relation to the vacuum energy problem in string theory, its (global) holographic definition in terms of two…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2023-08-30 Per Berglund , Tristan Hübsch , Djordje Minic

String theory axions appear to be promising candidates for explaining cosmological constant via quintessence. In this paper, we study conditions on the string compactifications under which axion quintessence can happen. For sufficiently…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 Peter Svrcek

We show that cosmological observables can constrain the topology of the compact additional dimensions predicted by string theory. To do this, we develop a general strategy for relating cosmological observables to the microscopic parameters…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2008-11-26 Vijay Balasubramanian , Per Berglund , Raul Jimenez , Joan Simon , Licia Verde

In this work, we study the cosmological constant problem and Hubble tension in the void-dominated cosmology scenario \cite{Yusofi:2022hgg}. For this goal, we will first consider the cosmic voids in the cosmic web as interconnected ideal…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-08-26 E. Yusofi , M. A. Ramzanpour

After a short history of the $\Lambda$-term it is explained why the (effective) cosmological constant is expected to obtain contributions from short-distance physics, corresponding to an energy at least as large as the Fermi scale. The…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Norbert Straumann

We address a quantization mechanism that can allow us to understand why the cosmological constant is not large under the quantum corrections from studying the circle compactification solution of the Standard Model coupled to Einstein…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2023-03-15 Cao H. Nam

The suggestion that there exist causally disconnected universes or sub-universes to explain the values of physical parameters such as the cosmological constant is discussed. A statistical model of the string landscape/topography is…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 J. W. Moffat

The current observations seem to suggest that the universe has a positive cosmological constant of the order of $H_0^2$ while the most natural value for the cosmological constant will be $L_P^{-2}$ where $L_P = (G\hbar/c^3)^{1/2}$ is the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-07 T. Padmanabhan

Models of structure formation with a cosmological constant $\Lambda$ provide a good fit to the observed power spectrum of galaxy clustering. However, they suffer from several problems. Theoretically, it is difficult to understand why the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2010-11-30 K. Coble , S. Dodelson , J. Frieman

Recently a phenomenological relationship for the observed cosmological constant has been discussed by Motl and Carroll in the context of treating the cosmological constant as a $2\times 2$ matrix but no specific realization of the idea was…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 Michael McGuigan

We construct supersymmetric $\mathrm{AdS}_4$ vacua of type IIB string theory in compactifications on orientifolds of Calabi-Yau threefold hypersurfaces. We first find explicit orientifolds and quantized fluxes for which the superpotential…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2022-01-12 Mehmet Demirtas , Manki Kim , Liam McAllister , Jakob Moritz , Andres Rios-Tascon

In this Letter we show that the vacuum polarization of quantum fields in an anti-de Sitter space naturally gives rise to a small but nonzero cosmological constant in a brane world living in it. To explain the extremely small ratio of mass…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2010-11-05 Li-Xin Li

KKLT give a mechanism to generate de Sitter vacua in string theory. And recently, the scenario, {\em landscape}, is suggested to explain the problem of the cosmological constant. In this scenario, the cosmological constant is a de Sitter…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-07-06 C. Y. Sun , D. H. Zhang

Recent cosmological observations suggest the existence of a positive cosmological constant $\Lambda$ with the magnitude $\Lambda(G\hbar/c^3) \approx 10^{-123}$. This review discusses several aspects of the cosmological constant both from…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2008-11-26 T. Padmanabhan

We show that the classical cosmological constant in type II flux compactifications can be written as a sum of terms from the action of localized sources plus a specific contribution from non-trivial background fluxes. Exploiting two global…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2013-08-28 Friðrik Freyr Gautason , Daniel Junghans , Marco Zagermann