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Machine Learning (ML) techniques can facilitate the automation of malicious software (malware for short) detection, but suffer from evasion attacks. Many studies counter such attacks in heuristic manners, lacking theoretical guarantees and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-04-07 Deqiang Li , Shicheng Cui , Yun Li , Jia Xu , Fu Xiao , Shouhuai Xu

Machine learning (ML) techniques are increasingly common in security applications, such as malware and intrusion detection. However, ML models are often susceptible to evasion attacks, in which an adversary makes changes to the input (such…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-05-14 Liang Tong , Bo Li , Chen Hajaj , Chaowei Xiao , Ning Zhang , Yevgeniy Vorobeychik

With the rapid growth of malware attacks, more antivirus developers consider deploying machine learning technologies into their productions. Researchers and developers published various machine learning-based detectors with high precision…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-12-07 Matthew Crawford , Wei Wang , Ruoxi Sun , Minhui Xue

Machine learning-based malware detectors are increasingly vulnerable to adversarial examples. Traditional defenses, such as one-shot adversarial training, often fail against adaptive attackers who use reinforcement learning to bypass…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-27 Olha Jurečková , Martin Jureček , Matouš Kozák , Róbert Lórencz

Machine learning algorithms, however effective, are known to be vulnerable in adversarial scenarios where a malicious user may inject manipulated instances. In this work we focus on evasion attacks, where a model is trained in a safe…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-08 Stefano Calzavara , Claudio Lucchese , Federico Marcuzzi , Salvatore Orlando

Malware detection have used machine learning to detect malware in programs. These applications take in raw or processed binary data to neural network models to classify as benign or malicious files. Even though this approach has proven…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-04-20 Xiruo Wang , Risto Miikkulainen

This paper proposes adversarial attacks for Reinforcement Learning (RL) and then improves the robustness of Deep Reinforcement Learning algorithms (DRL) to parameter uncertainties with the help of these attacks. We show that even a naively…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-12-12 Anay Pattanaik , Zhenyi Tang , Shuijing Liu , Gautham Bommannan , Girish Chowdhary

Machine learning based malware detection techniques rely on grayscale images of malware and tends to classify malware based on the distribution of textures in graycale images. Albeit the advancement and promising results shown by machine…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-08-05 Sanket Shukla

Botnet detectors based on machine learning are potential targets for adversarial evasion attacks. Several research works employ adversarial training with samples generated from generative adversarial nets (GANs) to make the botnet detectors…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-10-07 Rizwan Hamid Randhawa , Nauman Aslam , Mohammad Alauthman , Muhammad Khalid , Husnain Rafiq

Malware remains a big threat to cyber security, calling for machine learning based malware detection. While promising, such detectors are known to be vulnerable to evasion attacks. Ensemble learning typically facilitates countermeasures,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-07-01 Deqiang Li , Qianmu Li

As an increasing number of deep-learning-based malware scanners have been proposed, the existing evasion techniques, including code obfuscation and polymorphic malware, are found to be less effective. In this work, we propose a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-03-18 Lan Zhang , Peng Liu , Yoon-Ho Choi , Ping Chen

Machine learning-based static malware detectors remain vulnerable to adversarial evasion techniques, such as metamorphic engine mutations. To address this vulnerability, we propose a certifiably robust malware detection framework based on…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Nandakrishna Giri , Asmitha K. A. , Serena Nicolazzo , Antonino Nocera , Vinod P

Recently researchers have proposed using deep learning-based systems for malware detection. Unfortunately, all deep learning classification systems are vulnerable to adversarial attacks. Previous work has studied adversarial attacks against…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-12-19 Jack W. Stokes , De Wang , Mady Marinescu , Marc Marino , Brian Bussone

Analysing malware is important to understand how malicious software works and to develop appropriate detection and prevention methods. Dynamic analysis can overcome evasion techniques commonly used to bypass static analysis and provide…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-10-30 Baskoro Adi Pratomo , Toby Jackson , Pete Burnap , Andrew Hood , Eirini Anthi

Machine learning models have been widely used in security applications such as intrusion detection, spam filtering, and virus or malware detection. However, it is well-known that adversaries are always trying to adapt their attacks to evade…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-08-13 Fan Yang , Zhiyuan Chen

Deep neural networks have achieved substantial achievements in several computer vision areas, but have vulnerabilities that are often fooled by adversarial examples that are not recognized by humans. This is an important issue for security…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-01-29 Hakmin Lee , Hong Joo Lee , Seong Tae Kim , Yong Man Ro

Malware analysis involves analyzing suspicious software to detect malicious payloads. Static malware analysis, which does not require software execution, relies increasingly on machine learning techniques to achieve scalability. Although…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-15 Pierre-Francois Gimenez , Sarath Sivaprasad , Mario Fritz

This research focused on enhancing post-incident malware forensic investigation using reinforcement learning RL. We proposed an advanced MDP post incident malware forensics investigation model and framework to expedite post incident…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-01-08 Dipo Dunsin , Mohamed Chahine Ghanem , Karim Ouazzane , Vassil Vassilev

A serious threat today is malicious executables. It is designed to damage computer system and some of them spread over network without the knowledge of the owner using the system. Two approaches have been derived for it i.e. Signature Based…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2013-08-14 Usukhbayar Baldangombo , Nyamjav Jambaljav , Shi-Jinn Horng

Malware still constitutes a major threat in the cybersecurity landscape, also due to the widespread use of infection vectors such as documents. These infection vectors hide embedded malicious code to the victim users, facilitating the use…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-04-15 Davide Maiorca , Battista Biggio , Giorgio Giacinto