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Predicting the outcomes of robotic actions, often referred to as learning a world model, in complex environments remains a fundamental challenge in robotics. Existing approaches primarily rely on visual observations and action inputs to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Willow Mandil , Amir Ghalamzan-E

Current multi-modal models exhibit a notable misalignment with the human visual system when identifying objects that are visually assimilated into the background. Our observations reveal that these multi-modal models cannot distinguish…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Ruolin Shen , Xiaozhong Ji , Kai WU , Jiangning Zhang , Yijun He , HaiHua Yang , Xiaobin Hu , Xiaoyu Sun

Assistive shared-control robots have the potential to transform the lives of millions of people afflicted with severe motor impairments. The usefulness of shared-control robots typically relies on the underlying autonomy's ability to infer…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-05-08 Deepak E. Gopinath , Brenna D. Argall

Humans are able to identify a referred visual object in a complex scene via a few rounds of natural language communications. Success communication requires both parties to engage and learn to adapt for each other. In this paper, we…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-12-05 Yan Zhu , Shaoting Zhang , Dimitris Metaxas

Generalist robots should be able to understand and follow user instructions, but current vision-language-action (VLA) models struggle with following fine-grained commands despite providing a powerful architecture for mapping open-vocabulary…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-08-20 Catherine Glossop , William Chen , Arjun Bhorkar , Dhruv Shah , Sergey Levine

Vision-language-action models (VLAs) have become an increasingly popular approach for addressing robot manipulation problems in recent years. However, such models need to output actions at a rate suitable for robot control, which limits the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Eric Hannus , Miika Malin , Tran Nguyen Le , Ville Kyrki

Imitation can allow us to quickly gain an understanding of a new task. Through a demonstration, we can gain direct knowledge about which actions need to be performed and which goals they have. In this paper, we introduce a new approach to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Josua Spisak , Matthias Kerzel , Stefan Wermter

The human language is one of the most natural interfaces for humans to interact with robots. This paper presents a robot system that retrieves everyday objects with unconstrained natural language descriptions. A core issue for the system is…

Robotics · Computer Science 2017-07-19 Mohit Shridhar , David Hsu

In this paper, we introduce a robotic agent specifically designed to analyze external environments and address participants' questions. The primary focus of this agent is to assist individuals using language-based interactions within…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-06-12 Haozheng Luo , Ruiyang Qin , Chenwei Xu , Guo Ye , Zening Luo

Effective human-robot collaboration in surgery is affected by the inherent ambiguity of verbal communication. This paper presents a framework for a robotic surgical assistant that interprets and disambiguates verbal instructions from a…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Ana Davila , Jacinto Colan , Yasuhisa Hasegawa

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) are changing how Blind and Low Vision (BLV) people access visual information. Unlike traditional visual interpretation tools that only provide descriptions, MLLM-enabled applications offer…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-02-20 Ricardo E. Gonzalez Penuela , Crescentia Jung , Sharon Y Lin , Ruiying Hu , Shiri Azenkot

Humans possess multimodal literacy, allowing them to actively integrate information from various modalities to form reasoning. Faced with challenges like lexical ambiguity in text, we supplement this with other modalities, such as thumbnail…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-24 Jiwan Chung , Seungwon Lim , Jaehyun Jeon , Seungbeen Lee , Youngjae Yu

Augmented Reality (AR) enriches a user's real environment by adding spatially aligned virtual objects (3D models, 2D textures, textual annotations, etc) by means of special display technologies. These are either worn on the body or placed…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2021-03-05 Holger Regenbrecht , Thomas Schubert

Humans can effortlessly describe what they see, yet establishing a shared representational format between vision and language remains a significant challenge. Emerging evidence suggests that human brain representations in both vision and…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2025-07-30 Katerina Marie Simkova , Adrien Doerig , Clayton Hickey , Ian Charest

With the rise of machines to human-level performance in complex recognition tasks, a growing amount of work is directed towards comparing information processing in humans and machines. These studies are an exciting chance to learn about one…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-04-14 Christina M. Funke , Judy Borowski , Karolina Stosio , Wieland Brendel , Thomas S. A. Wallis , Matthias Bethge

Embeddings from Visual-Language Models are increasingly utilized to represent semantics in robotic maps, offering an open-vocabulary scene understanding that surpasses traditional, limited labels. Embeddings enable on-demand querying by…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Matti Pekkanen , Francesco Verdoja , Ville Kyrki

Recent advancements have enabled human-robot collaboration through physical assistance and verbal guidance. However, limitations persist in coordinating robots' physical motions and speech in response to real-time changes in human behavior…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-10-11 Ravi Tejwani , Chengyuan Ma , Paco Gomez-Paz , Paolo Bonato , H. Harry Asada

Mimicry is a fundamental learning mechanism in humans, enabling individuals to learn new tasks by observing and imitating experts. However, applying this ability to robots presents significant challenges due to the inherent differences…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Hanjung Kim , Jaehyun Kang , Hyolim Kang , Meedeum Cho , Seon Joo Kim , Youngwoon Lee

This work proposes a biologically inspired approach that focuses on attention systems that are able to inhibit or constrain what is relevant at any one moment. We propose a radically new approach to making progress in human-robot joint…

Robotics · Computer Science 2016-06-09 Nick DePalma , Cynthia Breazeal

Humans navigate and understand complex visual environments by subconsciously quantifying what they see, a process known as visual enumeration. However, traditional studies using flat screens fail to capture the cognitive dynamics of this…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-10-08 B. Sankar , Devottama Sen , Dibakar Sen