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This paper presents a novel attack on voice-controlled digital assistants using nonsensical word sequences. We present the results of experimental work which demonstrates that it is possible for malicious actors to gain covert access to a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-08-07 Mary K. Bispham , Ioannis Agrafiotis , Michael Goldsmith

In this study, we investigate the emerging threat of inaudible acoustic attacks targeting digital voice assistants, a critical concern given their projected prevalence to exceed the global population by 2024. Our research extends the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-12-04 Forrest McKee , David Noever

Automatic speech recognition systems have created exciting possibilities for applications, however they also enable opportunities for systematic eavesdropping. We propose a method to camouflage a person's voice over-the-air from these…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-02-18 Mia Chiquier , Chengzhi Mao , Carl Vondrick

Voice Recognition Systems (VRSs) employ deep learning for speech recognition and speaker recognition. They have been widely deployed in various real-world applications, from intelligent voice assistance to telephony surveillance and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-07-26 Baochen Yan , Jiahe Lan , Zheng Yan

Adversarial perturbations in speech pose a serious threat to automatic speech recognition (ASR) and speaker verification by introducing subtle waveform modifications that remain imperceptible to humans but can significantly alter system…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Daniyal Kabir Dar , Qiben Yan , Li Xiao , Arun Ross

The growing adoption of voice-enabled devices (e.g., smart speakers), particularly in smart home environments, has introduced many security vulnerabilities that pose significant threats to users' privacy and safety. When multiple devices…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-02-07 Payton Walker , Tianfang Zhang , Cong Shi , Nitesh Saxena , Yingying Chen

With the development of hardware and algorithms, ASR(Automatic Speech Recognition) systems evolve a lot. As The models get simpler, the difficulty of development and deployment become easier, ASR systems are getting closer to our life. On…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-08-05 Xiao Zhang , Hao Tan , Xuan Huang , Denghui Zhang , Keke Tang , Zhaoquan Gu

As speech translation (ST) systems become increasingly prevalent, understanding their vulnerabilities is crucial for ensuring robust and reliable communication. However, limited work has explored this issue in depth. This paper explores…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-03-06 Chang Liu , Haolin Wu , Xi Yang , Kui Zhang , Cong Wu , Weiming Zhang , Nenghai Yu , Tianwei Zhang , Qing Guo , Jie Zhang

Automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems are vulnerable to audio adversarial examples that attempt to deceive ASR systems by adding perturbations to benign speech signals. Although an adversarial example and the original benign wave are…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-12-14 Namgyu Park , Sangwoo Ji , Jong Kim

Interactions based on automatic speech recognition (ASR) have become widely used, with speech input being increasingly utilized to create documents. However, as there is no easy way to distinguish between commands being issued and text…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2022-08-24 Jun Rekimoto

Voice interfaces are becoming accepted widely as input methods for a diverse set of devices. This development is driven by rapid improvements in automatic speech recognition (ASR), which now performs on par with human listening in many…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-10-31 Lea Schönherr , Katharina Kohls , Steffen Zeiler , Thorsten Holz , Dorothea Kolossa

Automatic speech recognition (ASR) models are prevalent, particularly in applications for voice navigation and voice control of domestic appliances. The computational core of ASRs are deep neural networks (DNNs) that have been shown to be…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-04-13 Xiaoliang Wu , Ajitha Rajan

We propose a new class of signal injection attacks on microphones by physically converting light to sound. We show how an attacker can inject arbitrary audio signals to a target microphone by aiming an amplitude-modulated light at the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-06-23 Takeshi Sugawara , Benjamin Cyr , Sara Rampazzi , Daniel Genkin , Kevin Fu

Automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems can be fooled via targeted adversarial examples, which induce the ASR to produce arbitrary transcriptions in response to altered audio signals. However, state-of-the-art adversarial examples…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-11-25 Lea Schönherr , Thorsten Eisenhofer , Steffen Zeiler , Thorsten Holz , Dorothea Kolossa

Adversarial examples seem to be inevitable. These specifically crafted inputs allow attackers to arbitrarily manipulate machine learning systems. Even worse, they often seem harmless to human observers. In our digital society, this poses a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-06-04 Thorsten Eisenhofer , Lea Schönherr , Joel Frank , Lars Speckemeier , Dorothea Kolossa , Thorsten Holz

Machine learning systems and also, specifically, automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems are vulnerable against adversarial attacks, where an attacker maliciously changes the input. In the case of ASR systems, the most interesting cases…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-08-04 Sina Däubener , Lea Schönherr , Asja Fischer , Dorothea Kolossa

Human voices can be used to authenticate the identity of the speaker, but the automatic speaker verification (ASV) systems are vulnerable to voice spoofing attacks, such as impersonation, replay, text-to-speech, and voice conversion.…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-06-09 You Zhang , Fei Jiang , Zhiyao Duan

Speech models are often trained on sensitive data in order to improve model performance, leading to potential privacy leakage. Our work considers noise masking attacks, introduced by Amid et al. 2022, which attack automatic speech…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-03 Matthew Jagielski , Om Thakkar , Lun Wang

Adversarial machine learning research has recently demonstrated the feasibility to confuse automatic speech recognition (ASR) models by introducing acoustically imperceptible perturbations to audio samples. To help researchers and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-05-31 Nilaksh Das , Madhuri Shanbhogue , Shang-Tse Chen , Li Chen , Michael E. Kounavis , Duen Horng Chau

Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) systems must be robust to the myriad types of noises present in real-world environments including environmental noise, room impulse response, special effects as well as attacks by malicious actors…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-09-26 Muhammad A. Shah , Bhiksha Raj