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Turbulent transport driven by secular shear instabilities can lead to enhanced vertical mixing in hot Jupiter atmospheres, impacting their cloudiness, chemistry and overall vertical structure. We discuss the turbulent regime expected and…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-10-26 Kristen Menou

We present highlights from a large set of simulations of a hot Jupiter atmosphere, nominally based on HD 209458b, aimed at exploring both the evolution of the deep atmosphere, and the acceleration of the zonal flow or jet. We find the…

The characterization of Super-Earth-to-Neptune sized exoplanets relies heavily on our understanding of their formation and evolution. In this study, we link a model of planet formation by pebble accretion to the planets' long-term…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-07-24 A. Vazan , C. W. Ormel , M. G. Brouwers

Although debris disks may be common in exoplanet systems, only a few systems are known in which debris disks and planets coexist. Planets and the surrounding stellar population can have a significant impact on debris disk evolution. Here we…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-06-28 Kai Wu , M. B. N. Kouwenhoven , Rainer Spurzem , Xiaoying Pang

In spite of their long detection history, the origin of hot Jupiters remains to be resolved. While multiple dynamical evidence suggests high-eccentricity migration is most likely, conflicts remain when considering hot Jupiters as a…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-10-08 Lina D'Aoust , Ben Coull-Neveu , Eve J. Lee , Nicolas B. Cowan

We present a simplified model to study the orbital evolution of a young hot Jupiter inside the magnetospheric cavity of a proto-planetary disk. The model takes into account the disk locking of stellar spin as well as the tidal and magnetic…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2014-11-20 Shih-Hsin Chang , Pin-Gao Gu , Peter Bodenheimer

The physical shape of a giant planet can reveal important information about its centrifugal potential, and therefore, its rotation. In this paper I investigate the response of Jupiter's shape to differential rotation on cylinders of various…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-27 Ravit Helled

Planetary rings are often speculated as being a relatively common attribute of giant planets, partly based on their prevalence within the Solar System. However, their formation and sustainability remain a topic of open discussion, and the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-08-26 Stephen R. Kane , Zhexing Li

Proto-planets embedded in their natal disks acquire hot envelopes as they grow and accrete solids. This ensures that the material they accrete - pebbles, as well as (small) planetesimals - will vaporize to enrich their atmospheres.…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-02-05 M. G. Brouwers , C. W. Ormel

Observations of Jupiter's deep atmosphere by the Juno spacecraft have revealed several puzzling facts: The concentration of ammonia is variable down to pressures of tens of bars, and is strongly dependent on latitude. While most latitudes…

Recent simulations show that giant planets of about one Jupiter mass migrate inward at a rate that differs from the Type II prediction. Here we show that at higher masses, planets migrate outward. Our result differs from previous ones…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-09-29 Adam M. Dempsey , Diego J. Muñoz , Yoram Lithwick

The origin of the Jupiter Trojan asteroids has long been a mystery. Dynamically, the population, which is considerably smaller than the main asteroid belt, librates around Jupiter's stable L4 and L5 Lagrange points, 60 deg ahead and behind…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-12-06 William F. Bottke , Raphael Marschall , David Nesvorný , David Vokrouhlický

The observed population of Hot Jupiters displays a stunning variety of physical properties, including a wide range of densities and core sizes for a given planetary mass. Motivated by the observational sample, this paper studies the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-30 Jacob A. Ketchum , Fred C. Adams , Anthony M. Bloch

Exoplanets show a pile-up of Jupiter-size planets in orbits with a 3-day period. A fraction of these hot Jupiters have retrograde orbits with respect to the parent star's rotation. To explain these observations we performed a series of…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-30 C. Beauge , D. Nesvorny

We have investigated Saturn's core formation at a radial pressure maximum in a protoplanetary disk, which is created by gap opening by Jupiter. A core formed via planetesimal accretion induces the fragmentation of surrounding planetesimals,…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-05 Hiroshi Kobayashi , Chris W. Ormel , Shigeru Ida

Exoplanet surveys have confirmed one of humanity's (and all teenagers') worst fears: we are weird. If our Solar System were observed with present-day Earth technology -- to put our system and exoplanets on the same footing -- Jupiter is the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-02-23 Sean N. Raymond , Andre Izidoro , Alessandro Morbidelli

Most studies concerning the growth and evolution of massive planets focus either on their accretion or their migration only. In this work we study both processes concurrently to investigate how they might mutually affect each other. We…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2017-02-08 Christoph Dürmann , Wilhelm Kley

The first discovered extrasolar worlds -- giant, ``hot Jupiter'' planets on short-period orbits -- came as a surprise to solar-system-centric models of planet formation, prompting the development of new theories for planetary system…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-03-29 Dong-Hong Wu , Malena Rice , Songhu Wang

We report the conditional occurrences between three planetary types: super-Earths (m sin i $<$ 10 M$_\oplus$, P $<$ 100 days), warm Jupiters (m sin i $>$ 95 $M_\oplus$, 10 $<$ P $<$ 100 days), and cold Jupiters (m sin i $>$ 95 M$_\oplus$, P…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-02-28 Sridhar Gajendran , Ing-Guey Jiang , Li-Chin Yeh , Devesh P. Sariya

Oxygen is the most common element after hydrogen and helium in Jupiter's atmosphere, and may have been the primary condensable (as water ice) in the protoplanetary disk. Prior to the Juno mission, in situ measurements of Jupiter's water…

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