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In this paper, we introduce a novel class of pre-transformed polar codes, termed as deep polar codes. We first present a deep polar encoder that harnesses a series of multi-layered polar transformations with varying sizes. Our approach to…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-08-08 Geon Choi , Namyoon Lee

Polar codes were recently chosen to protect the control channel information in the next-generation mobile communication standard (5G) defined by the 3GPP. As a result, receivers will have to implement blind detection of polar coded frames…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-06-06 Pascal Giard , Alexios Balatsoukas-Stimming , Andreas Burg

The performance of short polar codes under successive cancellation (SC) and SC list (SCL) decoding is analyzed for the case where the decoder messages are coarsely quantized. This setting is of particular interest for applications requiring…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-09-14 Joachim Neu , Mustafa Cemil Coşkun , Gianluigi Liva

This paper explores list decoding of convolutional and polar codes for short messages such as those found in the 5G physical broadcast channel. A cyclic redundancy check (CRC) is used to select a codeword from a list of likely codewords.…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-01-21 Jacob King , Alexandra Kwon , Hengjie Yang , William Ryan , Richard D. Wesel

This paper presents our low-latency Polar code encoders and decoders developed for the 2025 International Symposium on Topics in Coding (ISTC 2025) contest, which challenges participants to implement the fastest possible channel code…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Mathieu Leonardon , Mohammed El Houcine Ayoubi , Adrien Cassagne , Romain Tajan , Camille Leroux

Polar codes based on $2\times2$ non-binary kernels are discussed in this work. The kernel over $\text{GF}(q)$ is selected by maximizing the polarization effect and using Monte-Carlo simulation. Belief propagation (BP) and successive…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-12-04 Peihong Yuan , Fabian Steiner

Polar encoding, described by Arikan in IEEE Transactions on Information Theory, Vol. 55, No. 7, July 2009, was a milestone for telecommunications. A Polar code distributes information among high and low-capacity channels, showing the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Geraldo A. Barbosa

Ultra-reliable low-latency communications (URLLC) demand high-performance error-correcting codes and decoders in the finite blocklength regime. This letter introduces a novel two-stage near-maximum likelihood (near-ML) decoding framework…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-10 Yubeen Jo , Geon Choi , Yongjune Kim , Namyoon Lee

This paper reviews the state of the art channel coding techniques for ultra-reliable low latency communication (URLLC). The stringent requirements of URLLC services, such as ultra-high reliability and low latency, have made it the most…

Polar codes has been selected as the channel coding scheme for 5G new radio (NR) control channel. Specifically, a special type of parity-check polar (PC-Polar) codes was adopted in uplink control information (UCI). In this paper, we propose…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-07-03 Jiajie Tong , Huazi Zhang , Xianbin Wang , Shengchen Dai , Rong Li , Jun Wang

In this paper, we propose a comprehensive Polar coding solution that integrates reliability calculation, rate matching and parity-check coding. Judging a channel coding design from the industry's viewpoint, there are two primary concerns:…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-01-12 Huazi Zhang , Rong Li , Jian Wang , Shengchen Dai , Gongzheng Zhang , Ying Chen , Hejia Luo , Jun Wang

To advance Polar code design for 6G applications, we develop a reinforcement learning-based universal sequence design framework that is extensible and adaptable to diverse channel conditions and decoding strategies. Crucially, our method…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-29 David Kin Wai Ho , Arman Fazeli , Mohamad M. Mansour , Louay M. A. Jalloul

Finding fast polarizing transforms is an important problem as polar codes suffer from slow finitelength performance. This paper considers non binary polar codes for transmission over the AWGN channel and designs polarizing transforms with…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2019-01-31 Sinan Kahraman

After the pursuit of seventy years, the invention of polar codes indicates that we have found the first capacity-achieving coding with low complexity construction and decoding, which is the great breakthrough of the coding theory in the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-03-28 Kai Niu , Ping Zhang , Jincheng Dai , Zhongwei Si , Chao Dong

Polar codes has been selected as 5G standard. However, only a couple of ASIC featuring decoders are fabricated,and none of them support list size L > 4 and code length N > 1024. This paper presents an ASIC implementation of three decoders…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-07-05 Xiaocheng Liu , Qifan Zhang , Pengcheng Qiu , Jiajie Tong , Huazi Zhang , Changyong Zhao , Jun Wang

An extension of polar codes is proposed, which allows some of the frozen symbols, called dynamic frozen symbols, to be data-dependent. A construction of polar codes with dynamic frozen symbols, being subcodes of extended BCH codes, is…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-11-17 Peter Trifonov , Vera Miloslavskaya

We consider achieving the rates in the capacity region of a multi-level 3-receiver broadcast channel, in which the second receiver is degraded with respect to the first receiver, with degraded message sets. We propose a two-level chaining…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-10-15 Karthik Nagarjuna Tunuguntla , Paul H. Siegel

Polar codes are a recent family of error-correcting codes with a number of desirable characteristics. Their disruptive nature is illustrated by their rapid adoption in the $5^{th}$-generation mobile-communication standard, where they are…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-01-09 Pascal Giard , Alexios Balatsoukas-Stimming , Andreas Burg

Arikan's polar codes are capable of achieving the Shannon's capacity at a low encoding and decoding complexity, while inherently supporting rate adaptation. By virtue of these attractive features, polar codes have provided fierce…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2019-09-23 Zunaira Babar , Zeynep B. Kaykac Egilmez , Luping Xiang , Daryus Chandra , Robert G. Maunder , Soon Xin Ng , Lajos Hanzo

Arikan has shown that systematic polar codes (SPC) outperform nonsystematic polar codes (NSPC). However, the performance gain comes at the price of elevated encoding complexity, i.e., compared to NSPC, the available encoding methods for SPC…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-04-28 Guo Tai Chen , Zhaoyang Zhang , Caijun Zhong , Liang Zhang