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The increasing use of encrypted data within file storage and in network communications leaves investigators with many challenges. One of the most challenging is the Tor protocol, as its main focus is to protect the privacy of the user, in…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-07-25 Matt Muir , Petra Leimich , William J Buchanan

Phishing websites are a common phenomenon among Tor onion services, and phishers exploit that it is tremendously difficult to distinguish phishing from authentic onion domain names. Operators of onion services devised several strategies to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-08-16 Benjamin Güldenring , Volker Roth

Bitcoin is the first implementation of what has become known as a 'public permissionless' blockchain. Guaranteeing security and protocol conformity through its elegant combination of cryptographic assurances and game theoretic economic…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-02-23 D. McGinn , D McIlwraith , Y. Guo

Many tracking companies collect user data and sell it to data markets and advertisers. While they claim to protect user privacy by anonymizing the data, our research reveals that significant privacy risks persist even with anonymized data.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Ruisheng Shi , Zhiyuan Peng , Tong Fu , Lina Lan , Qin Wang , Jiaqi Zeng

Being a volunteer-run, distributed anonymity network, Tor is vulnerable to Sybil attacks. Little is known about real-world Sybils in the Tor network, and we lack practical tools and methods to expose Sybil attacks. In this work, we develop…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2016-02-26 Philipp Winter , Roya Ensafi , Karsten Loesing , Nick Feamster

Proliferation of cryptocurrencies (e.g., Bitcoin) that allow pseudo-anonymous transactions, has made it easier for ransomware developers to demand ransom by encrypting sensitive user data. The recently revealed strikes of ransomware attacks…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-06-20 Cuneyt Gurcan Akcora , Yitao Li , Yulia R. Gel , Murat Kantarcioglu

Blockchain technologies have overturned the digital finance industry by introducing a decentralized pseudonymous means of monetary transfer. The pseudonymous nature introduced privacy concerns, enabling various deanonymization techniques,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-30 Juraj Mariani , Ivan Homoliak

Although Bitcoin in its original whitepaper stated that it offers anonymous transactions, de-anonymization techniques have found otherwise. Therefore, alternative cryptocurrencies, like Dash, Monero, and Zcash, were developed to provide…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-02-21 George Kappos , Ania M. Piotrowska

Onion addresses encode their own public key. They are thus self-authenticating, one of the security and privacy advantages of onion services, which are typically accessed via Tor Browser. Because of the mostly random-looking appearance of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-10-08 Paul Syverson , Matthew Finkel , Saba Eskandarian , Dan Boneh

Operators of online social networks are increasingly sharing potentially sensitive information about users and their relationships with advertisers, application developers, and data-mining researchers. Privacy is typically protected by…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2016-11-17 Arvind Narayanan , Vitaly Shmatikov

In recent years blockchain technology has received tremendous attention. Blockchain users are known by a changeable Public Key (PK) that introduces a level of anonymity, however, studies have shown that anonymized transactions can be linked…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-02-22 Ali Dorri , Clemence Roulin , Shantanu Pal , Sarah Baalbaki , Raja Jurdak , Salil Kanhere

The Tor network is a widely used system for anonymous communication. However, Tor is known to be vulnerable to attackers who can observe traffic at both ends of the communication path. In this paper, we show that prior attacks are just the…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2015-03-16 Yixin Sun , Anne Edmundson , Laurent Vanbever , Oscar Li , Jennifer Rexford , Mung Chiang , Prateek Mittal

Bitcoin has created a new exchange paradigm within which financial transactions can be trusted without an intermediary. This premise of a free decentralized transactional network however requires, in its current implementation, unrestricted…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-10-30 Marc Jourdan , Sebastien Blandin , Laura Wynter , Pralhad Deshpande

Obtaining and maintaining anonymity on the Internet is challenging. The state of the art in deployed tools, such as Tor, uses onion routing (OR) to relay encrypted connections on a detour passing through randomly chosen relays scattered…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2015-01-06 Joan Feigenbaum , Bryan Ford

Annotating blockchains with auxiliary data is useful for many applications. For example, e-crime investigations of illegal Tor hidden services, such as Silk Road, often involve linking Bitcoin addresses, from which money is sent or…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-09-26 Yazan Boshmaf , Husam Al Jawaheri , Mashael Al Sabah

Cryptocurrency exchange platforms such as Coinbase, Binance, enable users to purchase and sell cryptocurrencies conveniently just like trading stocks/commodities. However, because of the nature of blockchain, when a user withdraws coins…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Ya-nan Li , Tian Qiu , Qiang Tang

The anonymity of the Bitcoin system has some shortcomings. Analysis of Transaction Chain (ATC) and Analysis of Bitcoin Protocol and Network (ABPN) are two important methods of deanonymizing bitcoin transactions. Nowadays, there are some…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2015-09-22 QingChun ShenTu , JianPing Yu

Payment channel networks, and the Lightning Network in particular, seem to offer a solution to the lack of scalability and privacy offered by Bitcoin and other blockchain-based cryptocurrencies. Previous research has focused on the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-01-22 George Kappos , Haaroon Yousaf , Ania Piotrowska , Sanket Kanjalkar , Sergi Delgado-Segura , Andrew Miller , Sarah Meiklejohn

A common misconception among blockchain users is that pseudonymity guarantees privacy. The reality is almost the opposite. Every transaction one makes is recorded on a public ledger and reveals information about one's identity. Mixers, such…

Cryptocurrencies, such as Bitcoin and Ethereum, are becoming increasingly prevalent mainly due to their anonymity, decentralization, transparency, and security. However, the completely public ledger makes the trace and analysis of each…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-11-18 Shuo Chen , Shaikh Muhammad Uzair Norman