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In order to facilitate the identification of possible new physics signatures in neutrino telescopes, such as neutrinos from the annihilation of neutralinos or decaying relics, it is essential to gain full control over the astrophysical…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Karl Mannheim

The last IceCube catalog of High Energy Starting Events (HESE) obtained with a livetime of 1347 days comprises 54 neutrino events equally-distributed between the three families with energies between 25 TeV and few PeVs. Considering the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2016-04-21 Daniele Gaggero , Dario Grasso , Antonio Marinelli , Alfredo Urbano , Mauro Valli

This paper is a brief review of the status of the search for astrophysical neutrinos of high energy. Its emphasis is on the search for a hard spectrum of neutrinos from the whole Northern sky above the steeply falling background of…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-03 Thomas K. Gaisser

The measurements of the fluxes of atmospheric neutrinos give evidence for the disappearance of muon neutrinos. The determination of the dependence of the disappearance probability on the neutrino energy and trajectory allows in principle to…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-10-31 Paolo Lipari , Maurizio Lusignoli

Recently, the IceCube Neutrino Observatory has reported a deviation from the single power law in the extragalactic diffuse neutrino flux. A neural network-based event selection of contained and uncontained cascade events from IceCube, in…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-07-31 Zoë Rechav , Emre Yildizci , Lu Lu

Cosmogenic neutrinos originate from interactions of cosmic rays propagating through the universe with cosmic background photons. Since both high-energy cosmic rays and cosmic background photons exist, the existence of high-energy cosmogenic…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-06-19 David Wittkowski , Karl-Heinz Kampert

Astrophysical sources of neutrinos detected by large-scale neutrino telescopes remain uncertain. While there exist statistically significant observational indications that a part of the neutrino flux is produced by blazars, numerous…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-11-30 Y. Y. Kovalev , A. V. Plavin , S. V. Troitsky

The origin of extragalactic high-energy neutrinos remains a major mystery in astrophysics, with blazars as leading candidate sources. The widely adopted one-zone leptohadronic jet model, however, faces severe challenges from stringent X-ray…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-05-26 Wei-Jian Li , Rui Xue , Ze-Rui Wang , Dingrong Xiong

The IceCube neutrino telescope has observed for the first time a diffuse flux of high energy neutrinos, with a possible astrophysical origin. Up to now there are no evidence of sources and many hypothesis are still plausible in order to…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-11-14 Andrea Palladino

A search for a diffuse flux of astrophysical muon neutrinos, using data collected by the ANTARES neutrino telescope is presented. A $(0.83\times 2\pi)$ sr sky was monitored for a total of 334 days of equivalent live time. The searched…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2011-01-27 ANTARES Collaboration , J. A. Aguilar , I. Al Samarai , A. Albert , M. André , M. Anghinolfi , G. Anton , S. Anvar , M. Ardid , A. C. Assis Jesus , T. Astraatmadja , J-J. Aubert , R. Auer , B. Baret , S. Basa , M. Bazzotti , V. Bertin , S. Biagi , C. Bigongiari , C. Bogazzi , M. Bou-Cabo , M. C. Bouwhuis , A. M. Brown , J. Brunner , J. Busto , F. Camarena , A. Capone , C. Carloganu , G. Carminati , J. Carr , S. Cecchini , Ph. Charvis , T. Chiarusi , M. Circella , R. Coniglione , H. Costantini , N. Cottini , P. Coyle , C. Curtil , M. P. Decowski , I. Dekeyser , A. Deschamps , C. Donzaud , D. Dornic , Q. Dorosti , D. Drouhin , T. Eberl , U. Emanuele , J-P. Ernenwein , S. Escoffier , F. Fehr , V. Flaminio , F. Folger , U. Fritsch , J-L. Fuda , S. Galata , P. Gay , G. Giacomelli , J. P. Gomez-Gonzalez , K. Graf , G. Guillard , G. Halladjian , G. Hallewell , H. van Haren , A. J. Heijboer , Y. Hello , J. J. Hernandez-Rey , B. Herold , J. Hossl , C. C. Hsu , M. de Jong , M. Kadler , N. Kalantar-Nayestanaki , O. Kalekin , A. Kappes , U. Katz , P. Kooijman , C. Kopper , A. Kouchner , V. Kulikovskiy , R. Lahmann , P. Lamare , G. Larosa , D. Lefèvre , G. Lim , D. Lo Presti , H. Loehner , S. Loucatos , F. Lucarelli , S. Mangano , M. Marcelin , A. Margiotta , J. A. Martinez-Mora , A. Mazure , A. Meli , T. Montaruli , M. Morganti , L. Moscoso , H. Motz , C. Naumann , M. Neff , D. Palioselitis , G. E. Pavalas , P. Payre , J. Petrovic , P. Piattelli , N. Picot-Clemente , C. Picq , V. Popa , T. Pradier , E. Presani , C. Racca , C. Reed , G. Riccobene , C. Richardt , K. Roensch , A. Rostovtsev , M. Rujoiu , G. V. Russo , F. Salesa , P. Sapienza , F. Schock , J-P. Schuller , R. Shanidze , F. Simeone , A. Spies , M. Spurio , J. J. M. Steijger , Th. Stolarczyk , M. Taiuti , C. Tamburini , L. Tasca , S. Toscano , B. Vallage , V. Van Elewyck , G. Vannoni , M. Vecchi , P. Vernin , G. Wijnker , E. de Wolf , H. Yepes , D. Zaborov , J. D. Zornoza , J. Zuniga

The search for a diffuse neutrino flux component from astrophysical sources complements searches for point sources. In 2010 and 2011 many new results have been published on this subject. Realistic models can now be tested with these new…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2011-07-11 Jürgen Brunner

The diffuse emission of gamma-rays and neutrinos, produced by interactions of cosmic rays with interstellar matter in the Milky Way, provides valuable insights into cosmic ray propagation and Galactic processes. Emission models…

Results from the IceCube Neutrino Observatory have recently provided compelling evidence for the existence of a high energy astrophysical neutrino flux utilizing a dominantly Southern Hemisphere dataset consisting primarily of nu_e and…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2016-08-08 IceCube Collaboration , M. G. Aartsen , K. Abraham , M. Ackermann , J. Adams , J. A. Aguilar , M. Ahlers , M. Ahrens , D. Altmann , T. Anderson , M. Archinger , C. Arguelles , T. C. Arlen , J. Auffenberg , X. Bai , S. W. Barwick , V. Baum , R. Bay , J. J. Beatty , J. Becker Tjus , K. -H. Becker , E. Beiser , S. BenZvi , P. Berghaus , D. Berley , E. Bernardini , A. Bernhard , D. Z. Besson , G. Binder , D. Bindig , M. Bissok , E. Blaufuss , J. Blumenthal , D. J. Boersma , C. Bohm , M. Börner , F. Bos , D. Bose , S. Böser , O. Botner , J. Braun , L. Brayeur , H. -P. Bretz , A. M. Brown , N. Buzinsky , J. Casey , M. Casier , E. Cheung , D. Chirkin , A. Christov , B. Christy , K. Clark , L. Classen , S. Coenders , D. F. Cowen , A. H. Cruz Silva , J. Daughhetee , J. C. Davis , M. Day , J. P. A. M. de André , C. De Clercq , H. Dembinski , S. De Ridder , P. Desiati , K. D. de Vries , G. de Wasseige , M. de With , T. DeYoung , J. C. Díaz-Vélez , J. P. Dumm , M. Dunkman , R. Eagan , B. Eberhardt , T. Ehrhardt , B. Eichmann , S. Euler , P. A. Evenson , O. Fadiran , S. Fahey , A. R. Fazely , A. Fedynitch , J. Feintzeig , J. Felde , K. Filimonov , C. Finley , T. Fischer-Wasels , S. Flis , T. Fuchs , T. K. Gaisser , R. Gaior , J. Gallagher , L. Gerhardt , K. Ghorbani , D. Gier , L. Gladstone , M. Glagla , T. Glüsenkamp , A. Goldschmidt , G. Golup , J. G. Gonzalez , J. A. Goodman , D. Góra , D. Grant , P. Gretskov , J. C. Groh , A. Groß , C. Ha , C. Haack , A. Haj Ismail , A. Hallgren , F. Halzen , B. Hansmann , K. Hanson , D. Hebecker , D. Heereman , K. Helbing , R. Hellauer , D. Hellwig , S. Hickford , J. Hignight , G. C. Hill , K. D. Hoffman , R. Hoffmann , K. Holzapfel , A. Homeier , K. Hoshina , F. Huang , M. Huber , W. Huelsnitz , P. O. Hulth , K. Hultqvist , S. In , A. Ishihara , E. Jacobi , G. S. Japaridze , K. Jero , M. Jurkovic , B. Kaminsky , A. Kappes , T. Karg , A. Karle , M. Kauer , A. Keivani , J. L. Kelley , J. Kemp , A. Kheirandish , J. Kiryluk , J. Kläs , S. R. Klein , G. Kohnen , H. Kolanoski , R. Konietz , A. Koob , L. Köpke , C. Kopper , S. Kopper , D. J. Koskinen , M. Kowalski , K. Krings , G. Kroll , M. Kroll , J. Kunnen , N. Kurahashi , T. Kuwabara , M. Labare , J. L. Lanfranchi , M. J. Larson , M. Lesiak-Bzdak , M. Leuermann , J. Leuner , J. Lünemann , J. Madsen , G. Maggi , K. B. M. Mahn , R. Maruyama , K. Mase , H. S. Matis , R. Maunu , F. McNally , K. Meagher , M. Medici , A. Meli , T. Menne , G. Merino , T. Meures , S. Miarecki , E. Middell , E. Middlemas , J. Miller , L. Mohrmann , T. Montaruli , R. Morse , R. Nahnhauer , U. Naumann , H. Niederhausen , S. C. Nowicki , D. R. Nygren , A. Obertacke , A. Olivas , A. Omairat , A. O'Murchadha , T. Palczewski , L. Paul , J. A. Pepper , C. Pérez de los Heros , C. Pfendner , D. Pieloth , E. Pinat , J. Posselt , P. B. Price , G. T. Przybylski , J. Pütz , M. Quinnan , L. Rädel , M. Rameez , K. Rawlins , P. Redl , R. Reimann , M. Relich , E. Resconi , W. Rhode , M. Richman , S. Richter , B. Riedel , S. Robertson , M. Rongen , C. Rott , T. Ruhe , B. Ruzybayev , D. Ryckbosch , S. M. Saba , L. Sabbatini , H. -G. Sander , A. Sandrock , J. Sandroos , S. Sarkar , K. Schatto , F. Scheriau , M. Schimp , T. Schmidt , M. Schmitz , S. Schoenen , S. Schöneberg , A. Schönwald , A. Schukraft , L. Schulte , D. Seckel , S. Seunarine , R. Shanidze , M. W. E. Smith , D. Soldin , G. M. Spiczak , C. Spiering , M. Stahlberg , M. Stamatikos , T. Stanev , N. A. Stanisha , A. Stasik , T. Stezelberger , R. G. Stokstad , A. Stößl , E. A. Strahler , R. Ström , N. L. Strotjohann , G. W. Sullivan , M. Sutherland , H. Taavola , I. Taboada , S. Ter-Antonyan , A. Terliuk , G. Tešić , S. Tilav , P. A. Toale , M. N. Tobin , D. Tosi , M. Tselengidou , E. Unger , M. Usner , S. Vallecorsa , J. Vandenbroucke , N. van Eijndhoven , S. Vanheule , J. van Santen , J. Veenkamp , M. Vehring , M. Voge , M. Vraeghe , C. Walck , M. Wallraff , N. Wandkowsky , C. Weaver , C. Wendt , S. Westerhoff , B. J. Whelan , N. Whitehorn , C. Wichary , K. Wiebe , C. H. Wiebusch , L. Wille , D. R. Williams , H. Wissing , M. Wolf , T. R. Wood , K. Woschnagg , D. L. Xu , X. W. Xu , Y. Xu , J. P. Yanez , G. Yodh , S. Yoshida , P. Zarzhitsky , M. Zoll

We estimate energy spectra and fluxes at the Earth's surface of the cosmic and Galactic neutrino backgrounds produced by thermonuclear reactions in stars. The extra-galactic component is obtained by combining the most recent estimates of…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Cristiano Porciani , Silvia Petroni , Giovanni Fiorentini

We review recently developed models of galactic discrete sources of high energy neutrinos. Some of them are based on a simple rescaling of the TeV $\gamma$-ray fluxes from recently detected galactic sources, such as, shell-type supernova…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 W. Bednarek , G. F. Burgio , T. Montaruli

The leading contribution to the uncertainties of atmospheric neutrino flux calculations arise from the cosmic-ray nucleon flux and the production cross sections of secondary particles in hadron-air interactions. The data-driven model…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-11-02 Anatoli Fedynitch , Matthias Huber

The IceCube Neutrino Observatory first observed a diffuse flux of high energy astrophysical neutrinos in 2013. Since then, this observation has been confirmed in multiple detection channels such as high energy starting events, cascades, and…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-07-22 Erik Ganster , Richard Naab , Zelong Zhang

Ongoing experimental efforts to detect cosmic sources of high energy neutrinos are guided by the expectation that astrophysical accelerators of cosmic ray protons would also generate neutrinos through interactions with ambient matter and/or…

Astrophysics · Physics 2014-10-13 Luis A. Anchordoqui , Dan Hooper , Subir Sarkar , Andrew M. Taylor

In this contribution the current observational results for the diffuse flux of high-energy astrophysical neutrinos are reviewed. In order to understand the science implications, the measurements in different detection channels are discussed…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-02-27 Christopher H. Wiebusch

On the 13th February 2023 the KM3NeT/ARCA telescope observed a track-like event compatible with a ultra-high-energy muon with an estimated energy of 120 PeV, produced by a neutrino with an even higher energy, making it the most energetic…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-10-28 The KM3NeT collaboration