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Let $G$ be a connected graph. The average distance of a vertex $v$ of $G$ is the arithmetic mean of the distances from $v$ to all other vertices of $G$. The proximity and remoteness of $G$ are defined as the minimum and maximum,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-08-15 Peter Dankelmann , Sonwabile Mafunda , Sufiyan Mallu

We obtain upper bounds for the rates of convergence for the simple random walk Green's function in the domains $D_\alpha = D_{\alpha}(n)=\{re^{i\theta}\in \mathbb{C}:0 <\theta<2\pi-\alpha, 0<r<2n\}-z_0,$ where $z_0\in\mathbb{Z}^2$ is a…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-05-12 Christian Benes

This introduction to Green's functions is based on their role as kernels of differential equations. The procedures to construct solutions to a differential equation with an external source or with an inhomogeneity term are put together to…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2008-02-22 Ursula Schröter

For any two point sets $A,B \subset \mathbb{R}^d$ of size up to $n$, the Chamfer distance from $A$ to $B$ is defined as $\text{CH}(A,B)=\sum_{a \in A} \min_{b \in B} d_X(a,b)$, where $d_X$ is the underlying distance measure (e.g., the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-07-07 Ainesh Bakshi , Piotr Indyk , Rajesh Jayaram , Sandeep Silwal , Erik Waingarten

We derive the exact generating function for planar maps (genus zero fatgraphs) with vertices of arbitrary even valence and with two marked points at a fixed geodesic distance. This is done in a purely combinatorial way based on a bijection…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2010-04-05 J. Bouttier , P. Di Francesco , E. Guitter

In this paper, we present a sharper version of the results in the paper Dimension independent bounds for general shallow networks; Neural Networks, \textbf{123} (2020), 142-152. Let $\mathbb{X}$ and $\mathbb{Y}$ be compact metric spaces. We…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-12 Hrushikesh Mhaskar , Tong Mao

We apply the techniques of computable model theory to the distance function of a graph. This task leads us to adapt the definitions of several truth-table reducibilities so that they apply to functions as well as to sets, and we prove…

Logic · Mathematics 2018-02-12 Wesley Calvert , Russell Miller , Jennifer Chubb Reimann

Let \( D \) be a strongly connected digraph. The average distance of a vertex \( v \) in \( D \) is defined as the arithmetic mean of the distances from \( v \) to all other vertices in \( D \). The remoteness \( \rho(D) \) of \( D \) is…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-10-13 Sufiyan Mallu

We first introduce a class of divergence measures between power spectral density matrices. These are derived by comparing the suitability of different models in the context of optimal prediction. Distances between "infinitesimally close"…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2016-11-18 Xianhua Jiang , Lipeng Ning , Tryphon T. Georgiou

Depth separation results propose a possible theoretical explanation for the benefits of deep neural networks over shallower architectures, establishing that the former possess superior approximation capabilities. However, there are no known…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-03 Itay Safran , Jason D. Lee

Heterogeneous datasets emerge in various machine learning and optimization applications that feature different input sources, types or formats. Most models or methods do not natively tackle heterogeneity. Hence, such datasets are often…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-08-25 Edward Hallé-Hannan , Charles Audet , Youssef Diouane , Sébastien Le Digabel , Paul Saves

Divergence measures play a central role and become increasingly essential in deep learning, yet efficient measures for multiple (more than two) distributions are rarely explored. This becomes particularly crucial in areas where the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Mingfei Lu , Chenxu Li , Shujian Yu , Robert Jenssen , Badong Chen

We study questions related to critical points of the Green's function of a bounded multiply connected domain in the complex plane. The motion of critical points, their limiting positions as the pole approaches the boundary and the…

Complex Variables · Mathematics 2009-12-08 Björn Gustafsson , Ahmed Sebbar

We consider a class of variational problems for densities that repel each other at distance. Typical examples are given by the Dirichlet functional and the Rayleigh functional \[ D(\mathbf{u}) = \sum_{i=1}^k \int_{\Omega} |\nabla u_i|^2…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2018-01-17 Nicola Soave , Hugo Tavares , Susanna Terracini , Alessandro Zilio

A distance-squared function is one of the most significant functions in the application of singularity theory to differential geometry. In this paper, we define naturally extended mappings of distance-squared functions, wherein each…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2013-04-01 Shunsuke Ichiki , Takashi Nishimura

Existing measures and representations for trajectories have two longstanding fundamental shortcomings, i.e., they are computationally expensive and they can not guarantee the `uniqueness' property of a distance function: dist(X,Y) = 0 if…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-03 Yufan Wang , Kai Ming Ting , Yuanyi Shang

A new scheme is proposed to construct an n-times differentiable function extension of an n-times differentiable function defined on a smooth domain D in d-dimensions. The extension scheme relies on an explicit formula consisting of a linear…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-12-05 Charles L. Epstein , Fredrik Fryklund , Shidong Jiang

In a proximity region graph ${\cal G}$ in $\mathbb{R}^d$, two distinct points $x,y$ of a point process $\mu$ are connected when the 'forbidden region' $S(x,y)$ these points determine has empty intersection with $\mu$. The Gabriel graph,…

Probability · Mathematics 2019-09-25 Larry Goldstein , Tobias Johnson , Raphaël Lachièze-Rey

In this paper we obtain the density function and the distribution function of the distance between two uniformly and independently distributed random points in any right-angled triangle. The density function is derived from the chord length…

Probability · Mathematics 2012-09-18 Uwe Bäsel

In this paper we carry out analysis and geometry for a class of infinite dimensional manifolds, namely, compound configuration spaces as a natural generalization of the work \cite{AKR97}. More precisely a differential geometry is…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2014-11-18 Yuri Kondratiev , Jose Luis Silva , Ludwig Streit
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