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Natural language processing has greatly benefited from the introduction of the attention mechanism. However, standard attention models are of limited interpretability for tasks that involve a series of inference steps. We describe an…

With the rapid development of Natural Language Processing (NLP) technologies, text steganography methods have been significantly innovated recently, which poses a great threat to cybersecurity. In this paper, we propose a novel attentional…

Encoder-decoder models have become an effective approach for sequence learning tasks like machine translation, image captioning and speech recognition, but have yet to show competitive results for handwritten text recognition. To this end,…

Recurrent neural network architectures combining with attention mechanism, or neural attention model, have shown promising performance recently for the tasks including speech recognition, image caption generation, visual question answering…

Targeted sentiment classification aims at determining the sentimental tendency towards specific targets. Most of the previous approaches model context and target words with RNN and attention. However, RNNs are difficult to parallelize and…

Lexically constrained sentence generation allows the incorporation of prior knowledge such as lexical constraints into the output. This technique has been applied to machine translation, and dialog response generation. Previous work usually…

As an alternative to question answering methods based on feature engineering, deep learning approaches such as convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and Long Short-Term Memory Models (LSTMs) have recently been proposed for semantic matching…

Complex knowledge base question answering can be achieved by converting questions into sequences of predefined actions. However, there is a significant semantic and structural gap between natural language and action sequences, which makes…

Sentence compression is a Natural Language Processing (NLP) task aimed at shortening original sentences and preserving their key information. Its applications can benefit many fields e.g. one can build tools for language education. However,…

When answering a question, people often draw upon their rich world knowledge in addition to the particular context. While recent works retrieve supporting facts/evidence from commonsense knowledge bases to supply additional information to…

Question Answering (QA) systems are used to provide proper responses to users' questions automatically. Sentence matching is an essential task in the QA systems and is usually reformulated as a Paraphrase Identification (PI) problem. Given…

In this paper, we propose a novel word-alignment-based method to solve the FAQ-based question answering task. First, we employ a neural network model to calculate question similarity, where the word alignment between two questions is used…

In reading comprehension, generating sentence-level distractors is a significant task, which requires a deep understanding of the article and question. The traditional entity-centered methods can only generate word-level or phrase-level…

In this paper, we introduce Query-based Attention CNN(QACNN) for Text Similarity Map, an end-to-end neural network for question answering. This network is composed of compare mechanism, two-staged CNN architecture with attention mechanism,…

We propose a novel algorithm for visual question answering based on a recurrent deep neural network, where every module in the network corresponds to a complete answering unit with attention mechanism by itself. The network is optimized by…

Unsupervised image captioning with no annotations is an emerging challenge in computer vision, where the existing arts usually adopt GAN (Generative Adversarial Networks) models. In this paper, we propose a novel memory-based network rather…

Open-domain question answering remains a challenging task as it requires models that are capable of understanding questions and answers, collecting useful information, and reasoning over evidence. Previous work typically formulates this…

Answer sentence selection is the task of identifying sentences that contain the answer to a given question. This is an important problem in its own right as well as in the larger context of open domain question answering. We propose a novel…

Many empirical studies have provided evidence for the emergence of algorithmic mechanisms (abilities) in the learning of language models, that lead to qualitative improvements of the model capabilities. Yet, a theoretical characterization…

Neural network-based methods represent the state-of-the-art in question generation from text. Existing work focuses on generating only questions from text without concerning itself with answer generation. Moreover, our analysis shows that…