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The disparate nature of thermal-nonthermal energy partition during flares, particularly during weak flares, is still an open issue. Following the Neupert effect, quantifying the relative yield of X-ray emission in different energy bands can…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2024-02-06 Arun Kumar Awasthi , Tomasz Mrozek , Sylwester Kołomański , Michalina Litwicka , Marek Stęślicki , Karol Kułaga

A multi-wavelength spatial and temporal analysis of solar high energy electrons is conducted using the August 20, 2002 flare of an unusually flat (gamma=1.8) hard X-ray spectrum. The flare is studied using RHESSI, Halpha, radio, TRACE, and…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 J. Kasparova , M. Karlicky , E. P. Kontar , R. A. Schwartz , B. R. Dennis

The acceleration and transport of energetic electrons during solar flares is one of the outstanding topics in solar physics. Recent X-ray and radio imaging and spectroscopy observations have provided diagnostics of the distribution of…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2022-12-21 Xiangliang Kong , Bin Chen , Fan Guo , Chengcai Shen , Xiaocan Li , Jing Ye , Lulu Zhao , Zelong Jiang , Sijie Yu , Yao Chen , Joe Giacalone

The evolution of an X2.7 solar flare, that occurred in a complex $\beta\gamma\delta$ magnetic configuration region on 2003 November 3 is discussed utilizing a multi-wavelength data set. The very first signature of pre-flare coronal activity…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Bhuwan Joshi , P. K. Manoharan , Astrid M. Veronig , P. Pant , Kavita Pandey

We study a sequence of eruptive events including filament eruption, a GOES C4.3 flare and a coronal mass ejection. We aim to identify the possible trigger(s) and precursor(s) of the filament destabilisation; investigate flare kernel…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2014-07-02 Z. Huang , M. S. Madjarska , K. Koleva , J. G. Doyle , P. Duchlev , M. Dechev , K. Reardon

Non-thermal and thermal parameters of 85 solar flares of GOES class B1 to M6 (background subtracted classes A1 to M6) have been compared to each other. The hard X-ray flux has been measured by RHESSI and a spectral fitting provided flux and…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-11 Marina Battaglia , Paolo C. Grigis , Arnold O. Benz

We present an X-ray imaging and spectroscopic study of a partially occulted C7.7 flare on 2003 April 24 observed by RHESSI that accompanied a prominence eruption observed by TRACE. (1) The activation and rise of the prominence occurs during…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2011-02-11 Wei Liu , Tong-Jiang Wang , Brian R. Dennis , Gordon D. Holman

Context: On 2022 May 4, an M5.7 flare erupted in the active region NOAA 13004, which was the target of a coordinated campaign between GREGOR, IRIS, Hinode, and ground-based instruments at the Ond\v{r}ejov observatory. A flare kernel located…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2024-08-21 M. García-Rivas , J. Kašparová , A. Berlicki , M. Švanda , J. Dudík , D. Čtvrtečka , M. Zapiór , W. Liu , M. Sobotka , M. Pavelková , G. G. Motorina

Open-shutter RHESSI observations of 3-15 keV X-rays are found to exhibit active region transient brightenings and microflares at a rate of at least 10 per hour occurring even during the periods of lowest solar activity so far in the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 A. O. Benz , P. Grigis

During a solar flare, electrons are accelerated to non-thermal energies as a result of magnetic reconnection. These electrons then propagate upwards and downwards from the energy release site along magnetic field lines and produce radio and…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-03-04 Shilpi Bhunia , Laura A. Hayes , Karl Ludwig Klein , Nicole Vilmer , Shane A. Maloney , Peter T. Gallagher

We address a possibility of the flare process initiation and further maintenance of its energy release due to a transformation of sunspot longitudinal waves into transverse magnetic loop oscillations with initiation of reconnection. This…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-20 R. Sych , M. Karlický , A. Altyntsev , J. Dudík , L. Kashapova

Sudden jets of collimated plasma arise from many locations on the Sun, including active regions. The magnetic field along which a jet emerges is often open to interplanetary space, offering a clear "escape route" for any flare-accelerated…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2018-11-07 Lindsay Glesener , Gregory D. Fleishman

(abridged) The heating mechanism at high densities during M dwarf flares is poorly understood. Spectra of M dwarf flares in the optical and near-ultraviolet wavelength regimes have revealed three continuum components during the impulsive…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-23 Adam F. Kowalski , Suzanne L. Hawley , Mats Carlsson , Joel C. Allred , Han Uitenbroek , Rachel A. Osten , Gordon Holman

We analyse the 30 October, 2004, X1.2/SF solar event that occurred in AR 10691 (N13 W18) at around 11:44 UT. Observations at 212 and 405 GHz of the Solar Submillimeter Telescope (SST), with high time resolution (5 ms), show an intense…

We present a calculation of the atomic and low-ionisation emission line spectra of photoevaporating protoplanetary discs. Line luminosities and profiles are obtained from detailed photoionisation calculations of the disc and wind structures…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-05-18 Barbara Ercolano , James E. Owen

With increasing solar activity since 2010, many flares from the backside of the Sun have been observed by the Extreme Ultraviolet Imager (EUVI) on either of the twin STEREO spacecraft. Our objective is to estimate their X-ray peak fluxes…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2013-04-16 N. V. Nitta , M. J. Aschwanden , P. F. Boerner , S. L. Freeland , J. R. Lemen , J. -P. Wuelser

In this paper, we report our multiwavelength observations of the C4.2 circular-ribbon flare in active region (AR) 12434 on 2015 October 16. The short-lived flare was associated with positive magnetic polarities and a negative polarity…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2016-08-17 Q. M. Zhang , D. Li , Z. J. Ning , Y. N. Su , H. S. Ji , Y. Guo

The Lyman-alpha (Ly{\alpha};1216 {\AA}) line is the brightest emission line in the quiescent solar spectrum and radiates a significant fraction of the available nonthermal energy during flares. Despite its importance, there is a lack of…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-04-25 Luke Majury , Ryan Milligan , Elizabeth Butler , Harry Greatorex , Maria Kazachenko

The IRIS Mg II k line serves as a very good tool to diagnose the heating processes in solar flares. Recent studies have shown that apart from the usual red asymmetries which are interpreted as the result of condensation downflows, this line…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2020-04-23 Jie Hong , Ying Li , M. D. Ding , Yu-Hao Zhou

The properties of solar flare plasma can be determined from the observation of optically thin lines. The emitting ion distribution determines the shape of the line, with an isothermal Maxwellian ion distribution producing a Gaussian…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2016-05-25 Natasha Jeffrey , Lyndsay Fletcher , Nicolas Labrosse