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In this paper, multi-agent reinforcement learning is used to control a hybrid energy storage system working collaboratively to reduce the energy costs of a microgrid through maximising the value of renewable energy and trading. The agents…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2021-12-07 Daniel J. B. Harrold , Jun Cao , Zhong Fan

The development of renewable energy generation empowers microgrids to generate electricity to supply itself and to trade the surplus on energy markets. To minimize the overall cost, a microgrid must determine how to schedule its energy…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-07-10 Guanyu Gao , Yonggang Wen , Xiaohu Wu , Ran Wang

In this paper, we study the interactions among interconnected autonomous microgrids, and propose a joint energy trading and scheduling strategy. Each interconnected microgrid not only schedules its local power supply and demand, but also…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2016-11-17 Hao Wang , Jianwei Huang

We consider the problem of energy management in microgrid networks. A microgrid is capable of generating a limited amount of energy from a renewable resource and is responsible for handling the demands of its dedicated customers. Owing to…

This work proposes a cooperative trading scheme for the robust optimal energy and reserve management in a multiple-microgrid (MMG) system comprising four microgrids (MGs). This scheme includes a robust optimization (RO) model which accounts…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2018-12-04 L. P. M. I. Sampath , Ashok Krishnan , Y. S. Foo Eddy , H. B. Gooi

The increasing integration of renewable energy sources (RESs) is transforming traditional power grid networks, which require new approaches for managing decentralized energy production and consumption. Microgrids (MGs) provide a promising…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Davide Salaorni , Federico Bianchi , Francesco Trovò , Marcello Restelli

The proliferation of distributed generation and storage units is leading to the development of local, small-scale distribution grids, known as microgrids (MGs). In this paper, the problem of optimizing the energy trading decisions of MG…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2016-10-10 Georges El Rahi , Anibal Sanjab , Walid Saad , Narayan B. Mandayam , H. Vincent Poor

In replacing fossil fuels with renewable energy resources for carbon neutrality, the unbalanced resource production of intermittent wind and photovoltaic (PV) power is a critical issue for peer-to-peer (P2P) power trading. To address this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-03 Sangkeum Lee , Sarvar Hussain Nengroo , Hojun Jin , Taewook Heo , Yoonmee Doh , Chungho Lee , Dongsoo Har

The increase in renewable energy on the consumer side gives place to new dynamics in the energy grids. Participants in a microgrid can produce energy and trade it with their peers (peer-to-peer) with the permission of the energy provider.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-26 Nicolas Avila , Shahad Hardan , Elnura Zhalieva , Moayad Aloqaily , Mohsen Guizani

High penetration of renewable energy source makes microgrid (MGs) be environment friendly. However, the stochastic input from renewable energy resource brings difficulty in balancing the energy supply and demand. Purchasing extra energy…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2017-03-21 Zhenyu Qiao , Bo Yang , Qimin Xu , Fei Xiong , Cailian Chen , Xinping Guan , Bei Chen

This paper presents a Reinforcement Learning (RL) based energy market for a prosumer dominated microgrid. The proposed market model facilitates a real-time and demanddependent dynamic pricing environment, which reduces grid costs and…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-09-24 Arman Ghasemi , Amin Shojaeighadikolaei , Kailani Jones , Morteza Hashemi , Alexandru G. Bardas , Reza Ahmadi

Uncertainties in renewable generation and demand dynamics challenge day-ahead scheduling. To enhance renewable penetration and maintain intra-day balance, we develop a multi-agent reinforcement learning framework for self-interested…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Junhao Ren , Honglin Gao , Lan Zhao , Qiyu Kang , Gaoxi Xiao , Yajuan Sun

Microgrid (MG) energy management is an important part of MG operation. Various entities are generally involved in the energy management of an MG, e.g., energy storage system (ESS), renewable energy resources (RER) and the load of users, and…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-03-09 Hao Zhou , Melike Erol-Kantarci

The emerging paradigm of interconnected microgrids advocates energy trading or sharing among multiple microgrids. It helps make full use of the temporal availability of energy and diversity in operational costs when meeting various energy…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-06-12 Dafeng Zhu , Bo Yang , Qi Liu , Kai Ma , Shanying Zhu , Xinping Guan

Variable renewable generation increases the challenge of balancing power supply and demand. Grid-scale batteries co-located with generation can help mitigate this misalignment. This paper explores the use of reinforcement learning (RL) for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Caleb Ju , Constance Crozier

Microgrids (MG) are anticipated to be important players in the future smart grid. For proper operation of MGs an Energy Management System (EMS) is essential. The EMS of an MG could be rather complicated when renewable energy resources…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-03-09 Hao Zhou , Melike Erol-Kantarci

Multi-energy microgrid (MEMG) offers an effective approach to deal with energy demand diversification and new energy consumption on the consumer side. In MEMG, it is critical to deploy an energy management system (EMS) for efficient…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-12-01 Yang Cui , Yang Xu , Yang Li , Yijian Wang , Xinpeng Zou

Electric storage units constitute a key element in the emerging smart grid system. In this paper, the interactions and energy trading decisions of a number of geographically distributed storage units are studied using a novel framework…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2013-10-08 Yunpeng Wang , Walid Saad , Zhu Han , H. Vincent Poor , Tamer Başar

As the world seeks to become more sustainable, intelligent solutions are needed to increase the penetration of renewable energy. In this paper, the model-free deep reinforcement learning algorithm Rainbow Deep Q-Networks is used to control…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-14 Daniel J. B. Harrold , Jun Cao , Zhong Fan

The emergence of microgrids (MGs) has provided a promising solution for decarbonizing and decentralizing the power grid, mitigating the challenges posed by climate change. However, MG operations often involve considering multiple objectives…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-02-18 M. Vivienne Liu , Patrick M. Reed , David Gold , Garret Quist , C. Lindsay Anderson
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