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Identifying and explaining the structure of complex networks at different scales has become an important problem across disciplines. At the mesoscale, modular architecture has attracted most of the attention. At the macroscale, other…
The observed architecture of ecological and socio-economic networks differs significantly from that of random networks. From a network science standpoint, non-random structural patterns observed in real networks call for an explanation of…
A generalization of modularity, called block modularity, is defined. This is a quality function which evaluates a label assignment against an arbitrary block pattern. Therefore, unlike standard modularity or its variants, arbitrary network…
A key topic in network science is the detection of intermediate or meso-scale structures. Community, core-periphery, disassortative and other partitions allow us to understand the organisation and function of large networks. In this work we…
Originally a speculative pattern in ecological networks, the hybrid or compound nested-modular pattern has been confirmed, during the last decade, as a relevant structural arrangement that emerges in a variety of contexts --in ecological…
The concept of nestedness, in particular for ecological and economical networks, has been introduced as a structural characteristic of real interacting systems. We suggest that the nestedness is in fact another way to express a mesoscale…
The most widely used techniques for community detection in networks, including methods based on modularity, statistical inference, and information theoretic arguments, all work by optimizing objective functions that measure the quality of…
Discovering and characterizing the large-scale topological features in empirical networks are crucial steps in understanding how complex systems function. However, most existing methods used to obtain the modular structure of networks…
Nestedness characterizes the linkage pattern of networked systems, indicating the likelihood that a node is linked to the nodes linked to the nodes with larger degrees than it. Networks of mutualistic relationship between distinct groups of…
A key element to understand complex systems is the relationship between the spatial scale of investigation and the structure of the interrelation among its elements. When it comes to economic systems, it is now well-known that the…
In contrast to dyadic interactions, higher-order interactions may contain one another, with subgroups naturally embedded within larger groups. These containment patterns arise empirically in ecology, sociology, computer science and the…
Mutualistic interactions, which are beneficial for both interacting species, are recurrently present in ecosystems. Observations of natural systems showed that, if we draw mutualistic relationships as binary links between species, the…
Several networks occurring in real life have modular structures that are arranged in an hierarchical fashion. In this paper, we have proposed a model for such networks, using a stochastic generation method. Using this model we show that,…
Characterizing large-scale organization in networks, including multilayer networks, is one of the most prominent topics in network science and is important for many applications. One type of mesoscale feature is community structure, in…
We define a novel quantitative strategy inspired by the ecological notion of nestedness to single out the scale at which innovation complexity emerges from the aggregation of specialized building blocks. Our analysis not only suggests that…
Interconnected ensembles of biological entities are perhaps some of the most complex systems that modern science has encountered so far. In particular, scientists have concentrated on understanding how the complexity of the interacting…
To understand the structure of a large-scale biological, social, or technological network, it can be helpful to decompose the network into smaller subunits or modules. In this article, we develop an information-theoretic foundation for the…
Complex networks have recently attracted much interest due to their prevalence in nature and our daily lives [1, 2]. A critical property of a network is its resilience to random breakdown and failure [3-6], typically studied as a…
Modular structure is pervasive in many complex networks of interactions observed in natural, social and technological sciences. Its study sheds light on the relation between the structure and function of complex systems. Generally speaking,…
The need to harmonise apparently irreconcilable arrangements in an ecosystem --nestedness and segregation-- has triggered so far different strategies. Methodological refinements, or the inclusion of behavioural preferences to the network…