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Related papers: The Efficiency Gap, Voter Turnout, and the Efficie…

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This paper considers elections in which voters choose one candidate each, independently according to known probability distributions. A candidate receiving a strict majority (absolute or relative, depending on the version) wins. After the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-01-22 Lisa Hellerstein , Naifeng Liu , Kevin Schewior

In multiwinner approval elections with many candidates, voters may struggle to determine their preferences over the entire slate of candidates. It is therefore of interest to explore which (if any) fairness guarantees can be provided under…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Drew Springham , Edith Elkind , Bart de Keijzer , Maria Polukarov

Analysis of efficiency of outcomes in game theoretic settings has been a main item of study at the intersection of economics and computer science. The notion of the price of anarchy takes a worst-case stance to efficiency analysis,…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2017-07-05 Darrell Hoy , Denis Nekipelov , Vasilis Syrgkanis

During the past sixty years, a lot of effort has been made regarding the productive efficiency. Such endeavours provided an extensive bibliography on this subject, culminating in two main methods, named the Stochastic Frontier Analysis…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-08-14 Anibal Galindro , Micael Santos , Delfim F. M. Torres , Ana Marta-Costa

We revisit the recent breakthrough result of Gkatzelis et al. on (single-winner) metric voting, which showed that the optimal distortion of 3 can be achieved by a mechanism called Plurality Matching. The rule picks an arbitrary candidate…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-02-05 Fatih Erdem Kizilkaya , David Kempe

Multiwinner voting rules can be used to select a fixed-size committee from a larger set of candidates. We consider approval-based committee rules, which allow voters to approve or disapprove candidates. In this setting, several voting rules…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Dominik Peters

Election data represent a precious source of information to study human behavior at a large scale. In proportional elections with open lists, the number of votes received by a candidate, rescaled by the average performance of all…

Physics and Society · Physics 2013-01-25 Arnab Chatterjee , Marija Mitrović , Santo Fortunato

In this paper, we experimentally compare major approval-based multiwinner voting rules. To this end, we define a measure of similarity between two equal-sized committees subject to a given election. Using synthetic elections coming from…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-01-23 Piotr Faliszewski , Martin Lackner , Krzysztof Sornat , Stanisław Szufa

The relation between the requirement of efficient implementability and the product state representation of numbers is examined. Numbers are defined to be any model of the axioms of number theory or arithmetic. Efficient implementability…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 Paul Benioff

We study voting rules with respect to how they allow or limit a majority from dominating minorities: whether a voting rule makes a majority powerful, and whether minorities can veto the candidates they do not prefer. For a given voting…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2022-09-09 Aleksei Y. Kondratev , Alexander S. Nesterov

Winner selection by majority, in an election between two candidates, is the only rule compatible with democratic principles. Instead, when the candidates are three or more and the voters rank candidates in order of preference, there are no…

Physics and Society · Physics 2016-04-19 Pierluigi Contucci , Emanuele Panizzi , Federico Ricci-Tersenghi , Alina Sîrbu

Voting is a very general method of preference aggregation. A voting rule takes as input every voter's vote (typically, a ranking of the alternatives), and produces as output either just the winning alternative or a ranking of the…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2012-07-09 Vincent Conitzer , Tuomas Sandholm

We study a prototypical model of a Parliament with two Parties or two Political Coalitions and we show how the introduction of a variable percentage of randomly selected independent legislators can increase the global efficiency of a…

Physics and Society · Physics 2015-05-27 A. Pluchino , C. Garofalo , A. Rapisarda , S. Spagano , M. Caserta

Participatory budgeting (PB) is a democratic process for allocating funds to projects based on the votes of community members. PB outcomes are commonly evaluated for how they reflect voters preferences (e.g., social welfare) and the extent…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Roy Fairstein , Reshef Meir , Kobi Gal

We investigate the problem of computing the probability of winning in an election where voter attendance is uncertain. More precisely, we study the setting where, in addition to a total ordering of the candidates, each voter is associated…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2021-02-01 Aviram Imber , Benny Kimelfeld

Majority voting is one of the few black-box interventions that can improve a fixed stochastic predictor: repeated access can be cheaper than changing a high-capability model. Classical fixed-competence theory makes this intervention look…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Yi Liu

Participatory budgeting (PB) is a democratic process for allocating funds to projects based on the votes of members of the community. Different rules have been used to aggregate participants' votes. Past research has studied the trade-off…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2022-05-26 Roy Fairstein , Reshef Meir , Dan Vilenchik , Kobi Gal

This paper is to obtain a simple dividing-diagram of the congressional districts, where the only limit is that each district should contain the same population if possibly. In order to solve this problem, we introduce three different…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2007-08-17 Pan Kai , Tan Yue , Jiang Sheng

In this paper we study several monotonicity axioms in approval-based multi-winner voting rules. We consider monotonicity with respect to the support received by the winners and also monotonicity in the size of the committee. Monotonicity…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2019-02-25 Luis Sánchez-Fernández , Jesús A. Fisteus

Democratic societies are built around the principle of free and fair elections, that each citizen's vote should count equal. National elections can be regarded as large-scale social experiments, where people are grouped into usually large…

Physics and Society · Physics 2013-06-28 Peter Klimek , Yuri Yegorov , Rudolf Hanel , Stefan Thurner