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Gerrymandering, the deliberate manipulation of electoral district boundaries for political advantage, is a persistent issue in U.S. redistricting cycles. This paper introduces and analyzes a new phenomenon, 'votemandering'- a strategic…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-08-17 Sanyukta Deshpande , Ian G Ludden , Sheldon H Jacobson

May's Theorem (1952), a celebrated result in social choice, provides the foundation for majority rule. May's crucial assumption of symmetry, often thought of as a procedural equity requirement, is violated by many choice procedures that…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2020-09-01 Laurent Bartholdi , Wade Hann-Caruthers , Maya Josyula , Omer Tamuz , Leeat Yariv

Gerrymandering is a practice of manipulating district boundaries and locations in order to achieve a political advantage for a particular party. Lewenberg, Lev, and Rosenschein [AAMAS 2017] initiated the algorithmic study of a…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-02-19 Eduard Eiben , Fedor V. Fomin , Fahad Panolan , Kirill Simonov

We study ways of evaluating the performance of losing projects in participatory budgeting (PB) elections by seeking actions that would have led to their victory. We focus on lowering the projects' costs, obtaining additional approvals for…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-02-19 Niclas Boehmer , Piotr Faliszewski , Łukasz Janeczko , Dominik Peters , Grzegorz Pierczyński , Šimon Schierreich , Piotr Skowron , Stanisław Szufa

This paper develops a sufficient-statistic formula for the unemployment gap -- the difference between the actual unemployment rate and the efficient unemployment rate. While lowering unemployment puts more people into work, it forces firms…

General Economics · Economics 2021-12-03 Pascal Michaillat , Emmanuel Saez

Elections play a fundamental role in democratic societies, however they are often characterized by unexpected results. Here we discuss an election campaign model inspired by the compartmental epidemiology, and we show that the model…

Physics and Society · Physics 2024-07-31 M. Andrecut

Direct democracy is a special case of an ensemble of classifiers, where every person (classifier) votes on every issue. This fails when the average voter competence (classifier accuracy) falls below 50%, which can happen in noisy settings…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2018-07-23 Malik Magdon-Ismail , Lirong Xia

In rare-event simulation, an importance sampling (IS) estimator is regarded as efficient if its relative error, namely the ratio between its standard deviation and mean, is sufficiently controlled. It is widely known that when a rare-event…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2022-10-31 Yuanlu Bai , Zhiyuan Huang , Henry Lam , Ding Zhao

The Single Transferable Vote (STV) is a system of preferential voting employed in multi-seat elections. Each vote cast by a voter is a (potentially partial) ranking over a set of candidates. No techniques currently exist for computing the…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2017-08-17 Michelle Blom , Peter J. Stuckey , Vanessa J. Teague

State delegations are often chosen through single-member district elections, creating a tension between respecting district majorities and reflecting the statewide electorate. First-past-the-post (FPTP) follows each district's majority but…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2026-02-16 Yunus C. Aybas , Oguzhan Celebi , Surabhi Dutt

Criteria for a good voting system have been given particularly careful scrutiny in recent years, with general agreement that the core values are fair results, voter power and choice, and local representation. This paper reexamines the basic…

Physics and Society · Physics 2023-03-29 Denis Mollison

Very little attention has been paid to the comparison of efficiency between high accuracy statistical parsers. This paper proposes one machine-independent metric that is general enough to allow comparisons across very different parsing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Brian Roark , Eugene Charniak

In the context of computational social choice, we study voting methods that assign a set of winners to each profile of voter preferences. A voting method satisfies the property of positive involvement (PI) if for any election in which a…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2021-06-23 Wesley H. Holliday , Eric Pacuit

A voting rule decides on a probability distribution over a set of m alternatives, based on rankings of those alternatives provided by agents. We assume that agents have cardinal utility functions over the alternatives, but voting rules have…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-01-23 Soroush Ebadian , Anson Kahng , Dominik Peters , Nisarg Shah

A key aspect for any greedy pursuit algorithm used in compressed sensing is a good support-set detection method. For distributed compressed sensing, we consider a setup where many sensors measure sparse signals that are correlated via the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2014-07-18 Dennis Sundman , Saikat Chatterjee , Mikael Skoglund

Multiwinner voting rules are used to select a small representative subset of candidates or items from a larger set given the preferences of voters. However, if candidates have sensitive attributes such as gender or ethnicity (when selecting…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2018-06-20 L. Elisa Celis , Lingxiao Huang , Nisheeth K. Vishnoi

Participatory budgeting (PB) is a democratic paradigm whereby voters decide on a set of projects to fund with a limited budget. We consider PB in a setting where voters report ordinal preferences over projects and have (possibly) asymmetric…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2020-12-11 Haris Aziz , Barton E. Lee

Given a set of agents with approval preferences over each other, we study the task of finding $k$ matchings fairly representing everyone's preferences. We model the problem as an approval-based multiwinner election where the set of…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2021-02-16 Niclas Boehmer , Markus Brill , Ulrike Schmidt-Kraepelin

The stochastic efficiency [G. Verley et al., Nat. Commun. 5, 4721 (2014)] was introduced to evaluate the performance of energy-conversion machines in micro-scale. However, such an efficiency generally diverges when no heat is absorbed while…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2022-03-02 Zhayu Fei , Jin-Fu Chen , Yu-Han Ma

In the committee voting setting, a subset of $k$ alternatives is selected based on the preferences of voters. In this paper, our goal is to efficiently compute $\textit{ex-ante}$ fair probability distributions over committees. We introduce…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-12-30 Mashbat Suzuki , Jeremy Vollen