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We describe a model-independent integral constraint which defines an upper limit to the allowed degree of evolution in the ratio of black hole (BH) mass to host galaxy luminosity or mass, as a function of redshift. Essentially, if the…

Understanding the relationship between supermassive black holes (SMBHs) and their host galaxies at different redshifts is crucial for unraveling the processes of SMBH-galaxy co-evolution. We present the properties of nine type 1 Active…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-07-03 Atsushi Hoshi , Toru Yamada

Empirical correlations between the masses of supermassive black holes (SMBHs) and properties of their host galaxies are well-established. Among these is the correlation with the flat rotation velocity of each galaxy measured either at a…

The correlations between Supermassive Black Holes (SMBHs) and their host galaxies still defy our understanding from both the observational and theoretical perspectives. Here we perform pairwise residual analysis on the latest sample of…

The correlation between black hole mass M(BH) and stellar velocity dispersion sigma in nearby elliptical galaxies affords a novel way to determine M(BH) in active galaxies. We report on measurements of sigma from optical spectra of 7 BL Lac…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 R. Falomo , J. K. Kotilainen , A. Treves

The masses of supermassive black holes at the centres of local galaxies appear to be tightly correlated with the mass and velocity dispersions of their galactic hosts. However, the local Mbh-Mstar relation inferred from dynamically measured…

Recent studies show that a universal relation between black-hole (BH) growth and stellar mass ($M_\bigstar$) or star formation rate (SFR) is an oversimplification of BH-galaxy co-evolution, and that morphological and structural properties…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2020-11-25 Q. Ni , W. N. Brandt , G. Yang , J. Leja , C. -T. J. Chen , B. Luo , J. Matharu , M. Sun , F. Vito , Y. Q. Xue , K. Zhang

Understanding the connection between galaxy properties and their central massive black holes (MBHs) is key to unveiling their co-evolution. We use the ${\tt L{-}Galaxies{-} \it BH}$ semi-analytical model and the ${\tt Millennium}$ suite of…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-04-22 David Izquierdo-Villalba

The relation between the mass of supermassive black holes located in the center of the host galaxies and the kinetic energy of random motions of the corresponding bulges can be reinterpreted as an age-temperature diagram for galaxies. This…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2012-01-10 A. Feoli , L. Mancini , F. Marulli , S. van den Bergh

Using the latest sample of 48 spiral galaxies having a directly measured supermassive black hole mass, $M_{BH}$, we determine how the maximum disk rotational velocity, $v_{max}$ (and the implied dark matter halo mass, $M_{DM}$), correlates…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2020-08-10 Benjamin L. Davis , Alister W. Graham , Françoise Combes

Intermediate-mass black holes (IMBHs; $M_{BH} <2*10^{5} M_{\odot}$) in galaxy centers are cruciel for painting a coherent picture of the formation and growth of supermassive black holes (SMBHs). Using Big Data analysis, we identified 305…

We study the spiral arm morphology of a sample of the local spiral galaxies in the Illustris simulation and explore the supermassive black hole - galaxy connection beyond the bulge (e.g., spiral arm pitch angle, total stellar mass, dark…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2017-12-27 Burçin Mutlu-Pakdil , Marc S. Seigar , Ian B. Hewitt , Patrick Treuthardt , Joel C. Berrier , Lauren E. Koval

In the last decades several correlations between the mass of the central supermassive black hole (BH) and properties of the host galaxy - such as bulge luminosity and mass, central stellar velocity dispersion, S\'ersic index, spiral pitch…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2016-11-24 Gerold Busch

Observations of the most luminous quasars at high redshifts ($z > 6$) have revealed that the largest supermassive black holes (SMBHs) at those epochs tend to be substantially overmassive relative to their host galaxies compared to the local…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2022-09-01 Haojie Hu , Kohei Inayoshi , Zoltán Haiman , Wenxiu Li , Eliot Quataert , Rolf Kuiper

We study the population of supermassive black holes (SMBHs) and their effects on massive central galaxies in the IllustrisTNG cosmological hydrodynamical simulations of galaxy formation. The employed model for SMBH growth and feedback…

In the present-day universe, supermassive black hole masses (MBH) appear to be strongly correlated with their galaxy's bulge luminosity, among other properties. In this study, we explore the analogous relationship between MBH, derived using…

We study observed correlations between supermassive black hole (BHs) and the properties of their host galaxies, and show that the observations define a BH 'fundamental plane' (BHFP), of the form M_BH sigma^(3.0+-0.3)*R_e^(0.43+-0.19), or…

A variety of host galaxy (bulge) parameters are examined in order to determine their predictive power in ascertaining the masses of the supermassive black holes (SMBH) at the centers of the galaxies. Based on a sample of 23 nearby galaxies,…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 M. C. Aller , D. O. Richstone

We have conducted an image analysis of the (current) full sample of 44 spiral galaxies with directly measured supermassive black hole (SMBH) masses, $M_{\rm BH}$, to determine each galaxy's logarithmic spiral arm pitch angle, $\phi$. For…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2018-03-20 Benjamin L. Davis , Alister W. Graham , Marc S. Seigar

I use the fact that the radiation emitted by the accretion disk of supermassive black hole can heat up the surrounding gas in the protogalaxy to achieve hydrostatic equilibrium during the galaxy formation. The correlation between the black…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-12 Man Ho Chan