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Related papers: Strategies for Stable Merge Sorting

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Although many authors have considered how many ternary comparisons it takes to sort a multiset $S$ of size $n$, the best known upper and lower bounds still differ by a term linear in $n$. In this paper we restrict our attention to online…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2009-07-07 Travis Gagie , Yakov Nekrich

We find a searching method on ordered lists that surprisingly outperforms binary searching with respect to average query complexity while retaining minmax optimality. The method is shown to require $O(\log_2\log_2 n)$ queries on average…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-05-26 I. F. D. Oliveira , R. H. C. Takahashi

We prove lower bounds for higher-order methods in smooth non-convex finite-sum optimization. Our contribution is threefold: We first show that a deterministic algorithm cannot profit from the finite-sum structure of the objective, and that…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-07-05 Nicolas Emmenegger , Rasmus Kyng , Ahad N. Zehmakan

MergeInsertion, also known as the Ford-Johnson algorithm, is a sorting algorithm which, up to today, for many input sizes achieves the best known upper bound on the number of comparisons. Indeed, it gets extremely close to the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-05-24 Florian Stober , Armin Weiß

A new set of hardware merge sort devices are introduced here, which merge multiple sorted input lists into a single sorted output list in a fast and efficient manner. In each merge sorter, the values from the sorted input lists are arranged…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-07-14 Robert B. Kent , Marios S. Pattichis

The objective behind the Twin Sort technique is to sort the list of unordered data elements efficiently and to allow efficient and simple arrangement of data elements within the data structure with optimization of comparisons and iterations…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2017-10-24 Veeresh D , Thimmaraju S. N , Ravish G. K

Modern comparison sorts like quicksort suffer from performance inconsistencies due to suboptimal pivot selection, leading to $(O(N^2))$ worst-case complexity, while in-place merge sort variants face challenges with data movement overhead.…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Jia Xu Wei

We study the problem of finding "fair" stable matchings in the Stable Marriage problem with Incomplete lists (SMI). For an instance $I$ of SMI there may be many stable matchings, providing significantly different outcomes for the sets of…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-04-17 Frances Cooper , David Manlove

Many production-grade algorithms benefit from combining an asymptotically efficient algorithm for solving big problem instances, by splitting them into smaller ones, and an asymptotically inefficient algorithm with a very small…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2017-04-14 Margarita Markina , Maxim Buzdalov

Given a sequence of $n$ numbers and $k$ parallel First-in-First-Out (FIFO) queues, how close can one bring the sequence to sorted order? It is known that $k$ queues suffice to sort the sequence if the Longest Decreasing Subsequence (LDS) of…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-09-17 Andreas Karrenbauer , Kurt Mehlhorn , Pranabendu Misra , Paolo Luigi Rinaldi , Anna Twelsiek , Alireza Haqi , Siavash Rahimi Shateranloo

We consider the problem of sorting $n$ items, given the outcomes of $m$ pre-existing comparisons. We present a simple and natural deterministic algorithm that runs in $O(m + \log T)$ time and does $O(\log T)$ comparisons, where $T$ is the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Bernhard Haeupler , Richard Hladík , John Iacono , Vaclav Rozhon , Robert Tarjan , Jakub Tětek

Makespan minimization on identical parallel machines is a classical scheduling problem. We consider the online scenario where a sequence of $n$ jobs has to be scheduled non-preemptively on $m$ machines so as to minimize the maximum…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2012-03-09 Susanne Albers , Matthias Hellwig

We present a simple, work-optimal and synchronization-free solution to the problem of stably merging in parallel two given, ordered arrays of m and n elements into an ordered array of m+n elements. The main contribution is a new, simple,…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2013-11-13 Christian Siebert , Jesper Larsson Träff

In the online sorting problem, a sequence of $n$ numbers in $[0, 1]$ (including $\{0,1\}$) have to be inserted in an array of size $m \ge n$ so as to minimize the sum of absolute differences between pairs of numbers occupying consecutive…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-08-21 Yossi Azar , Debmalya Panigrahi , Or Vardi

In this paper, we present FLiMS, a highly-efficient and simple parallel algorithm for merging two sorted lists residing in banked and/or wide memory. On FPGAs, its implementation uses fewer hardware resources than the state-of-the-art…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-03-08 Philippos Papaphilippou , Wayne Luk , Chris Brooks

The problem of merging sorted lists in the least number of pairwise comparisons has been solved completely only for a few special cases. Graham and Karp \cite{taocp} independently discovered that the tape merge algorithm is optimal in the…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2016-10-12 Qian Li , Xiaoming Sun , Jialin Zhang

We present a novel characterization of stable mergesort functions using relational parametricity, and show that it implies the functional correctness of mergesort. As a result, one can prove the correctness of several variations of…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-08-15 Cyril Cohen , Kazuhiko Sakaguchi

We engineer algorithms for sorting huge data sets on massively parallel machines. The algorithms are based on the multiway merging paradigm. We first outline an algorithm whose I/O requirement is close to a lower bound. Thus, in contrast to…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2009-10-15 Mirko Rahn , Peter Sanders , Johannes Singler

Previous work identifying depth-optimal $n$-channel sorting networks for $9\leq n \leq 16$ is based on exploiting symmetries of the first two layers. However, the naive generate-and-test approach typically applied does not scale. This paper…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2016-11-30 Michael Codish , Luis Cruz-Filipe , Peter Schneider-Kamp

Merging-based sorting networks are an important family of sorting networks. Most merge sorting networks are based on 2-way or multi-way merging algorithms using 2-sorters as basic building blocks. An alternative is to use n-sorters, instead…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2014-07-04 Feng Shi , Zhiyuan Yan , Meghanad Wagh