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Cosmic magnetic fields are an integral component of the interstellar medium (ISM), having influence on scales ranging from star formation to galactic dynamics. While observations of external galaxies offer a `birds-eye-view' of magnetic…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2010-12-15 Jo-Anne Brown

Interstellar magnetic fields play critical roles in many astrophysical processes. Yet despite their importance, our knowledge about magnetic fields in our Galaxy remains limited. For the field within the Milky Way, much of what we do know…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2010-12-15 Cameron Van Eck , Jo-Anne Brown

One of the key observations regarding the stellar initial mass function (IMF) is its near-universality in the Milky Way (MW), which provides a powerful way to constrain different star formation models that predict the IMF. However, those…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2018-04-25 David Guszejnov , Philip F. Hopkins , Xiangcheng Ma

A convenient representation of the structure of the large-scale galactic magnetic field is required for the interpretation of polarization data in the sub-mm and radio ranges, in both the Milky Way and external galaxies. We develop a simple…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2019-03-14 Anvar Shukurov , Luiz Felippe S. Rodrigues , Paul J. Bushby , James Hollins , Jorg P. Rachen

Recent catalog of Faraday rotation measures (RM) of extragalactic sources together with the synchrotron polarization data from WMAP and Planck provides us with a wealth of information on magnetic fields of the Galaxy. However, the integral…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-01-29 Alexander Korochkin , Dmitri Semikoz , Peter Tinyakov

This is a review of the status of efforts to model the large-scale Galactic magnetic field (GMF). Though important for a variety of astrophysical processes, the GMF remains poorly understood despite some interesting new tracers being used…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2019-05-14 Tess R. Jaffe

Mismodeling the uncertain, diffuse emission of Galactic origin can seriously bias the characterization of astrophysical gamma-ray data, particularly in the region of the Inner Milky Way where such emission can make up over 80% of the photon…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2020-10-21 Siddharth Mishra-Sharma , Kyle Cranmer

Context: Cosmic-ray propagation is strongly dependent on the large-scale configuration of the Galactic magnetic field. In particular, the Galactic center (GC) region provides highly interesting cosmic-ray data from gamma-ray maps and it is…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2021-01-04 Mehmet Guenduez , Julia Becker Tjus , Katia Ferrière , Ralf-Jürgen Dettmar

Field-level inference has emerged as a promising framework to fully harness the cosmological information encoded in next-generation galaxy surveys. It involves performing Bayesian inference to jointly estimate the cosmological parameters…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-12-19 Hugo Simon , François Lanusse , Arnaud de Mattia

Magnetic fields are of critical importance for our understanding of the origin and long-term evolution of the Milky Way. This is due to their decisive role in the dynamical evolution of the interstellar medium (ISM) and their influence on…

We introduce a novel machine learning framework for estimating the Bayesian posteriors of morphological parameters for arbitrarily large numbers of galaxies. The Galaxy Morphology Posterior Estimation Network (GaMPEN) estimates values and…

Galactic all-sky maps at very disparate frequencies, like in the radio and $\gamma$-ray regime, show similar morphological structures. This mutual information reflects the imprint of the various physical components of the interstellar…

Deep learning has emerged as a transformative methodology in modern cosmology, providing powerful tools to extract meaningful physical information from complex astronomical datasets. This paper implements a novel Bayesian graph deep…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-01-28 Juan Alejandro Pinto Castro , Héctor J. Hortúa , Jorge Enrique García-Farieta , Roger Anderson Hurtado

Strong gravitational lensing is a powerful tool to provide constraints on galaxy mass distributions and cosmological parameters, such as the Hubble constant, $H_0$. Nevertheless, inference of such parameters from images of lensing systems…

We present Flinch, a fully differentiable and high-performance framework for field-level inference on angular maps, developed to improve the flexibility and scalability of current methodologies. Flinch is integrated with differentiable…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-10-31 Andrea Crespi , Marco Bonici , Arthur Loureiro , Jaime Ruiz-Zapatero , Ivan Sladoljev , Zack Li , Adrian Bayer , Marius Millea , Uroš Seljak

GLIMPSE (Galactic Legacy Infrared Mid-Plane Survey Extraordinaire), a SIRTF Legacy Science Program, will be a fully sampled, confusion-limited infrared survey of the inner two-thirds of the Galactic disk with a pixel resolution of \~1.2"…

In this thesis, the field star Initial Mass Function (IMF) and chemical evolution parameters for the Milky Way (MW) are derived using a forward modelling technique in combination with Bayesian statistics. Starting from a local MM disc…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2018-02-26 Jan Rybizki

There remains an open question about the usefulness and the interpretation of Machine learning (MLE) approaches for discrimination of spatial patterns of brain images between samples or activation states. In the last few decades, these…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-09-22 JM Gorriz , R. Martin-Clemente , C. G. Puntonet , A. Ortiz , J. Ramirez , J. Suckling

(Abridged) Observational estimates of galaxy properties rely on the inherent galaxy-wide initial mass function (gwIMF), which systematically varies with the global SFR and metallicity, as proposed by the integrated-galactic IMF (IGIMF)…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2024-09-18 Moritz Haslbauer , Zhiqiang Yan , Tereza Jerabkova , Eda Gjergo , Pavel Kroupa , Akram Hasani Zonoozi

A combination of observation, theory, modeling, and laboratory plasma experiments provides a multifaceted approach to develop a much greater understanding of how magnetic fields arise in galactic settings and how these magnetic fields…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2009-02-23 A. Lazarian , S. Boldyrev , C. Forest , J. Sarff , P. Terry