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Interactions with large language models have led to the suggestion that these models may soon be conscious. From the perspective of neuroscience, this position is difficult to defend. For one, the inputs to large language models lack the…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2023-08-29 Jaan Aru , Matthew Larkum , James M. Shine

A fascinating hypothesis is that human and animal intelligence could be explained by a few principles (rather than an encyclopedic list of heuristics). If that hypothesis was correct, we could more easily both understand our own…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-02 Anirudh Goyal , Yoshua Bengio

A core function of intelligence is grounding, which is the process of connecting the natural language and abstract knowledge to the internal representation of the real world in an intelligent being, e.g., a human. Human cognition is…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-12-18 Bing Liu

The terms 'human-level artificial intelligence' and 'artificial general intelligence' are widely used to refer to the possibility of advanced artificial intelligence (AI) with potentially extreme impacts on society. These terms are poorly…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2021-10-26 Ross Gruetzemacher , Jess Whittlestone

Speech understanding is essential for interpreting the diverse forms of information embedded in spoken language, including linguistic, paralinguistic, and non-linguistic cues that are vital for effective human-computer interaction. The…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-08 Jing Peng , Yucheng Wang , Bohan Li , Yiwei Guo , Hankun Wang , Yangui Fang , Yu Xi , Haoyu Li , Xu Li , Ke Zhang , Shuai Wang , Kai Yu

Machine-learned language models have transformed everyday life: they steer us when we study, drive, manage money. They have the potential to transform our civilization. But they hallucinate. Their realities are virtual. This note provides a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Dusko Pavlovic

Neurons are individually translated into simple gates to plan a brain based on human psychology and intelligence. State machines, assumed previously learned in subconscious associative memory are shown to enable equation solving and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2010-10-05 John Robert Burger

While large neural nets perform impressively on specific tasks, they are unreliable and unsafe, as is shown by the persistent hallucinations of large language models. This paper shows that large neural nets are intrinsically unreliable,…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2026-01-27 Robert Worden

Building socially-intelligent AI agents (Social-AI) is a multidisciplinary, multimodal research goal that involves creating agents that can sense, perceive, reason about, learn from, and respond to affect, behavior, and cognition of other…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Leena Mathur , Paul Pu Liang , Louis-Philippe Morency

A fundamental problem in artificial intelligence is that nobody really knows what intelligence is. The problem is especially acute when we need to consider artificial systems which are significantly different to humans. In this paper we…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2008-06-26 Shane Legg , Marcus Hutter

In order for AI systems to communicate effectively with people, they must understand how we make decisions. However, people's decisions are not always rational, so the implicit internal models of human decision-making in Large Language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Ryan Liu , Jiayi Geng , Joshua C. Peterson , Ilia Sucholutsky , Thomas L. Griffiths

Artificial intelligence offers superior techniques and methods by which problems from diverse domains may find an optimal solution. The Machine Learning technologies refer to the domain of artificial intelligence aiming to develop the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2009-04-24 Alin Munteanu , Cristina Ofelia Sofran

Our research is focused on making a human-like question answering system which can answer rationally. The distinguishing characteristic of our approach is that it will use automated common sense reasoning to truly "understand" dialogues,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-09-19 Kinjal Basu

Intelligent systems must maintain and manipulate task-relevant information online to adapt to dynamic environments and changing goals. This capacity, known as working memory, is fundamental to human reasoning and intelligence. Despite…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Hua-Dong Xiong , Li Ji-An , Jiaqi Huang , Robert C. Wilson , Kwonjoon Lee , Xue-Xin Wei

Enquiries concerning the underlying mechanisms and the emergent properties of a biological brain have a long history of theoretical postulates and experimental findings. Today, the scientific community tends to converge to a single…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2022-01-17 Zafeirios Fountas , Alexey Zakharov

Artificial intelligence systems exhibit many useful capabilities, but they appear to lack understanding. This essay describes how we could go about constructing a machine capable of understanding. As John Locke (1689) pointed out words are…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-05-06 Herbert L. Roitblat

The anatomically layered structure of a human brain results in leveled functions. In all these levels of different functions, comparison, feedback and imitation are the universal and crucial mechanisms. Languages, symbols and tools play key…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2018-02-07 Shengyong Xu , Jingjing Xu , Rujun Dai

Speech is the fundamental means of communication between humans. The advent of AI and sophisticated speech technologies have led to the rapid proliferation of human-to-computer-based interactions, fueled primarily by Automatic Speech…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-12-01 Mikel K. Ngueajio , Gloria Washington

The last two decades have seen tremendous advances in Artificial Intelligence. The exponential growth in terms of computation capabilities has given us hope of developing humans like robots. The question is: are we there yet? Maybe not.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-02-02 Madhav Agarwal , Siddhant Bansal

Large Language Models are useless for linguistics, as they are probabilistic models that require a vast amount of data to analyse externalized strings of words. In contrast, human language is underpinned by a mind-internal computational…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-17 Johan J. Bolhuis , Andrea Moro , Stephen Crain , Sandiway Fong