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We propose an implementation of a two-dimensional $\mathbb{Z}_2$ lattice gauge theory model on a shallow quantum circuit, involving a number of single and two-qubits gates comparable to what can be achieved with present-day and near-future…

Characterizing quantum many-body systems is a fundamental problem across physics, chemistry, and materials science. While significant progress has been made, many existing Hamiltonian learning protocols demand digital quantum control over…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-10 Sitan Chen , Jordan Cotler , Hsin-Yuan Huang

Simulating the time dynamics of an observable under Hamiltonian evolution is one of the most promising candidates for quantum advantage as we do not expect efficient classical algorithms for this problem except in restricted settings. Here,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-09 Giorgio Facelli , Hamza Fawzi , Omar Fawzi

We propose a quantum algorithm to obtain the lowest eigenstate of any Hamiltonian simulated by a quantum computer. The proposed algorithm begins with an arbitrary initial state of the simulated system. A finite series of transforms is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-01-08 Jeongho Bang , Seung-Woo Lee , Chang-Woo Lee , Hyunseok Jeong

Hamiltonian simulation, i.e., simulating the real time evolution of a target quantum system, is a natural application of quantum computing. Trotter-Suzuki splitting methods can generate corresponding quantum circuits; however, a faithful…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-03-21 Ayse Kotil , Rahul Banerjee , Qunsheng Huang , Christian B. Mendl

The algorithmic error of digital quantum simulations is usually explored in terms of the spectral norm distance between the actual and ideal evolution operators. In practice, this worst-case error analysis may be unnecessarily pessimistic.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-02-02 Qi Zhao , You Zhou , Alexander F. Shaw , Tongyang Li , Andrew M. Childs

Characterizing quantum systems by learning their underlying Hamiltonians is a central task in quantum information science. While recent algorithmic advances have achieved near-optimal efficiency in this task, they critically rely on…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-01 Myeongjin Shin , Junseo Lee , Changhun Oh

We introduce a family of identities that express general linear non-unitary evolution operators as a linear combination of unitary evolution operators, each solving a Hamiltonian simulation problem. This formulation can exponentially…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-16 Dong An , Andrew M. Childs , Lin Lin

The Hamiltonian approach can be used successfully to study the real-time evolution of a non-Abelian lattice gauge theory on the available noisy quantum computers. In this work, results from the real-time evolution of SU(2) pure gauge theory…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2022-10-24 Sarmed A Rahman , Randy Lewis , Emanuele Mendicelli , Sarah Powell

Hamiltonian simulation is known to be one of the fundamental building blocks of a variety of quantum algorithms such as its most immediate application, that of simulating many-body systems to extract their physical properties. In this work,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-06-21 Kouhei Nakaji , Mohsen Bagherimehrab , Alan Aspuru-Guzik

The utility of near-term quantum computers and simulators is likely to rely upon software-hardware co-design, with error-aware algorithms and protocols optimized for the platforms they are run on. Here, we show how knowledge of noise in a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-09-04 Kushal Seetharam , Dries Sels , Eugene Demler

Simulating large-scale coupled-oscillator systems presents substantial computational challenges for classical algorithms, particularly when pursuing first-principles analyses in the thermodynamic limit. Motivated by the quantum algorithm…

Simulating real-time dynamics of gauge theories represents a paradigmatic use case to test the hardware capabilities of a quantum computer, since it can involve non-trivial input states preparation, discretized time evolution, long-distance…

The Fermi-Hubbard model, a fundamental framework for studying strongly correlated phenomena could significantly benefit from quantum simulations when exploring non-trivial settings. However, simulating this problem requires twice as many…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-02-05 Arian Vezvaee , Nathan Earnest-Noble , Khadijeh Najafi

Complexity plays a very important part in quantum computing and simulation where it acts as a measure of the minimal number of gates that are required to implement a unitary circuit. We study the lower bound of the complexity [Eisert, Phys.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-08-10 S. Aravinda , Ranjan Modak

The local Hamiltonian (LH) problem is the canonical $\mathsf{QMA}$-complete problem introduced by Kitaev. In this paper, we show its hardness in a very strong sense: we show that the 3-local Hamiltonian problem on $n$ qubits cannot be…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-17 Nai-Hui Chia , Atsuya Hasegawa , François Le Gall , Yu-Ching Shen

We present a classical algorithm for simulating universal quantum circuits composed of "free" nearest-neighbour matchgates or equivalently fermionic-linear-optical (FLO) gates, and "resourceful" non-Gaussian gates. We achieve the promotion…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-12-11 Oliver Reardon-Smith , Michał Oszmaniec , Kamil Korzekwa

Simulation of open quantum systems is an area of active research in quantum algorithms. In this work, we revisit the connection between Markovian open-system dynamics and averages of Hamiltonian real-time evolutions, which we refer to as…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-28 Minbo Gao , Zhengfeng Ji , Chenghua Liu

We provide new constructions of unitary $t$-designs for general $t$ on one qudit and $N$ qubits, and propose a design Hamiltonian, a random Hamiltonian of which dynamics always forms a unitary design after a threshold time, as a basic…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-04-25 Yoshifumi Nakata , Christoph Hirche , Masato Koashi , Andreas Winter

We present two quantum algorithms based on evolution randomization, a simple variant of adiabatic quantum computing, to prepare a quantum state $\vert x \rangle$ that is proportional to the solution of the system of linear equations $A…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-02-20 Yigit Subasi , Rolando D. Somma , Davide Orsucci