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A novel parallel hybrid quantum-classical algorithm for the solution of the quantum-chemical ground-state energy problem on gate-based quantum computers is presented. This approach is based on the reduced density-matrix functional theory…

We propose a computational protocol for quantum simulations of Fermionic Hamiltonians on a quantum computer, enabling calculations which were previously not feasible with conventional encoding and ansatses of variational quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-03-15 Benchen Huang , Nan Sheng , Marco Govoni , Giulia Galli

We study the computational complexity of the N-representability problem in quantum chemistry. We show that this problem is QMA-complete, which is the quantum generalization of NP-complete. Our proof uses a simple mapping from spin systems…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Y. -K. Liu , M. Christandl , F. Verstraete

We present a novel method for improving the quantum simulation of the ground state energy of molecules. We perform a pre-processing step classically, which reduces the dimensionality of the problem by generating a custom mapping which…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-03-03 Kaur Kristjuhan , Mark Nicholas Jones

Proposals for near-term experiments in quantum chemistry on quantum computers leverage the ability to target a subset of degrees of freedom containing the essential quantum behavior, sometimes called the active space. This approximation…

Classical shadow tomography offers a scalable route to estimating properties of quantum states, but the resulting reduced density matrices (RDMs) often violate constraints that ensure they represent $N$-electron states -- known as…

The operator algebra of fermionic modes is isomorphic to that of qubits, the difference between them is twofold: the embedding of subalgebras corresponding to mode subsets and multiqubit subsystems on the one hand, and the parity…

In quantum algorithms discovered so far for simulating scattering processes in quantum field theories, state preparation is the slowest step. We present a new algorithm for preparing particle states to use in simulation of Fermionic Quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-10-25 Ali Hamed Moosavian , Stephen Jordan

The quantum marginal problem consists in deciding whether a given set of marginal reductions is compatible with the existence of a global quantum state or not. In this work, we formulate the problem from the perspective of dynamical systems…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-09-29 Daniel Uzcátegui Contreras , Dardo Goyeneche

We propose and analyze a method for improving quantum chemical energy calculations on a quantum computer impaired by decoherence and shot noise. The error mitigation approach relies on the fact that the one- and two-particle reduced density…

A numerical method is presented for reproducing fermionic quantum gas microscope experiments in equilibrium. By employing nested componentwise direct sampling of fermion pseudo-density matrices, as they arise naturally in determinantal…

Quantum Gases · Physics 2021-08-31 Stephan Humeniuk , Yuan Wan

Simulating electronic structure on a quantum computer requires encoding of fermionic systems onto qubits. Common encoding methods transform a fermionic system of $N$ spin-orbitals into an $N$-qubit system, but many of the fermionic…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-06-07 Yu Shee , Pei-Kai Tsai , Cheng-Lin Hong , Hao-Chung Cheng , Hsi-Sheng Goan

When working with quantum states, analysis of the final quantum state generated through probabilistic measurements is essential. This analysis is typically conducted by constructing the density matrix from either partial or full tomography…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-14 Rohit Prasad , Pratyay Ghosh , Ronny Thomale , Tobias Huber-Loyola

Quantum computing has the potential to significantly speed up complex computational tasks, and arguably the most promising application area for near-term quantum computers is the simulation of quantum mechanics. To make the most of our…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-12-10 Sean A. Fischer , Daniel Gunlycke

In quantum/classical (QM/CM) partitioning methods for multi-scale modeling, one is often forced to introduce uncontrolled phenomenological effects of the environment (CM) in the quantum (QM) domain as ab initio quantum calculations are…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Aditi Mallik , Carlos E. Taylor , Keith Runge , James W. Dufty

A central challenge in quantum simulation is to prepare low-energy states of strongly interacting many-body systems. In this work, we study the problem of preparing a quantum state that optimizes a random all-to-all, sparse or dense, spin…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-11-06 Joao Basso , Chi-Fang Chen , Alexander M. Dalzell

We introduce two kinds of quantum algorithms to explore microcanonical and canonical properties of many-body systems. The first one is a hybrid quantum algorithm that, given an efficiently preparable state, computes expectation values in a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-05-19 Sirui Lu , Mari Carmen Bañuls , J. Ignacio Cirac

Reduced density matrices (RDMs) are fundamental in quantum information processing, allowing the computation of local observables, such as energy and correlation functions, without the exponential complexity of fully characterizing quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-13 Zherui Jerry Wang , David Dechant , Yash J. Patel , Jordi Tura

Simulating many-body fermionic systems in conventional qubit-based quantum computers poses significant challenges due to the overheads associated with the encoding of fermionic statistics in qubits, leading to the proposal of native…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-15 Ahana Ghoshal , Carlos de Gois , Kiara Hansenne , Otfried Gühne , Hai-Chau Nguyen

Number-conserved subspace encoding reduces resources needed for quantum simulations, but scalable complexity trade-off bounds for $M$ modes and $N$ particles with $\mathcal{O}(N\log M)$ qubits have remained unknown. We study…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-23 M. H. Cheng , Yu-Cheng Chen , Qian Wang , V. Bartsch , M. S. Kim , Alice Hu , Min-Hsiu Hsieh