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We prove lower bounds on complexity measures, such as the approximate degree of a Boolean function and the approximate rank of a Boolean matrix, using quantum arguments. We prove these lower bounds using a quantum query algorithm for the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-07-18 Shalev Ben-David , Adam Bouland , Ankit Garg , Robin Kothari

Block sensitivity ($bs(f)$), certificate complexity ($C(f)$) and fractional certificate complexity ($C^*(f)$) are three fundamental combinatorial measures of complexity of a boolean function $f$. It has long been known that $bs(f) \leq…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2013-06-05 Justin Gilmer , Michael Saks , Srikanth Srinivasan

We define a new query measure we call quantum distinguishing complexity, denoted QD(f) for a Boolean function f. Unlike a quantum query algorithm, which must output a state close to |0> on a 0-input and a state close to |1> on a 1-input, a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-02-12 Shalev Ben-David , Robin Kothari

We study a natural complexity measure of Boolean functions known as the rational degree. Denoted $\textrm{rdeg}(f)$, it is the minimal degree of a rational function that is equal to $f$ on the Boolean hypercube. For total functions $f$, it…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2025-04-16 Vishnu Iyer , Siddhartha Jain , Robin Kothari , Matt Kovacs-Deak , Vinayak M. Kumar , Luke Schaeffer , Daochen Wang , Michael Whitmeyer

A well-studied class of functions in communication complexity are composed functions of the form $(f \comp g^n)(x,y)=f(g(x^1, y^1),..., g(x^n,y^n))$. This is a rich family of functions which encompasses many of the important examples in the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-03-09 Troy Lee , Shengyu Zhang

This paper explores a fine-grained version of the Watrous conjecture, including the randomized and quantum algorithms with success probabilities arbitrarily close to $1/2$. Our contributions include the following: i) An analysis of the…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Supartha Podder , Penghui Yao , Zekun Ye

Since the seminal work of Paturi and Simon \cite[FOCS'84 & JCSS'86]{PS86}, the unbounded-error classical communication complexity of a Boolean function has been studied based on the arrangement of points and hyperplanes. Recently,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-05-24 Kazuo Iwama , Harumichi Nishimura , Rudy Raymond , Shigeru Yamashita

Aaronson and Ambainis (SICOMP `18) showed that any partial function on $N$ bits that can be computed with an advantage $\delta$ over a random guess by making $q$ quantum queries, can also be computed classically with an advantage $\delta/2$…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-11-18 Nikhil Bansal , Makrand Sinha

For any $n$-bit boolean function $f$, we show that the randomized communication complexity of the composed function $f\circ g^n$, where $g$ is an index gadget, is characterized by the randomized decision tree complexity of $f$. In…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2017-03-23 Mika Göös , Toniann Pitassi , Thomas Watson

In 1986, Saks and Wigderson conjectured that the largest separation between deterministic and zero-error randomized query complexity for a total boolean function is given by the function $f$ on $n=2^k$ bits defined by a complete binary tree…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2015-10-27 Andris Ambainis , Kaspars Balodis , Aleksandrs Belovs , Troy Lee , Miklos Santha , Juris Smotrovs

We completely characterise the complexity in the decision tree model of computing composite relations of the form h = g(f^1,...,f^n), where each relation f^i is boolean-valued. Immediate corollaries include a direct sum theorem for decision…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2013-02-19 Ashley Montanaro

We show that there exists a Boolean function $F$ which observes the following separations among deterministic query complexity $(D(F))$, randomized zero error query complexity $(R_0(F))$ and randomized one-sided error query complexity…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2015-06-25 Sagnik Mukhopadhyay , Swagato Sanyal

The main reason for query model's prominence in complexity theory and quantum computing is the presence of concrete lower bounding techniques: polynomial and adversary method. There have been considerable efforts to give lower bounds using…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-02-20 Rajat Mittal , Sanjay S Nair , Sunayana Patro

Recently, Ivan Mihajlin and Alexander Smal proved a composition theorem of a universal relation and some function via so called xor composition, that is there exists some function $f:\{0,1\}^n \rightarrow \{0,1\}$ such that…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2023-11-14 Hao Wu

In this paper, we introduce the hybrid query complexity, denoted as $\mathrm{Q}(f;q)$, which is the minimal query number needed to compute $f$, when a classical decision tree is allowed to call $q'$-query quantum subroutines for any $q'\leq…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2019-12-02 Xiaoming Sun , Yufan Zheng

For any Boolean function $f:\{0,1\}^n \to \{0,1\}$ with a complexity measure having value $k \ll n$, is it possible to restrict the function $f$ to $\Theta(k)$ variables while keeping the complexity preserved at $\Theta(k)$? This question,…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Chandrima Kayal , Rajat Mittal , Sai Soumya Nalli , Manaswi Paraashar , Karthikeya Polisetty , Jayalal Sarma , Nitin Saurabh

The {\em Total Influence} ({\em Average Sensitivity) of a discrete function is one of its fundamental measures. We study the problem of approximating the total influence of a monotone Boolean function \ifnum\plusminus=1 $f: \{\pm1\}^n…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2011-01-28 Dana Ron , Ronitt Rubinfeld , Muli Safra , Omri Weinstein

In this paper, we study the following variant of the junta learning problem. We are given oracle access to a Boolean function $f$ on $n$ variables that only depends on $k$ variables, and, when restricted to them, equals some predefined…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-10-29 Aleksandrs Belovs

Buhrman, Cleve and Wigderson (STOC'98) showed that for every Boolean function f : {-1,1}^n to {-1,1} and G in {AND_2, XOR_2}, the bounded-error quantum communication complexity of the composed function f o G equals O(Q(f) log n), where Q(f)…

We achieve essentially the largest possible separation between quantum and classical query complexities. We do so using a property-testing problem called Forrelation, where one needs to decide whether one Boolean function is highly…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-11-24 Scott Aaronson , Andris Ambainis