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Transformers achieve state-of-the-art performance for natural language processing tasks by pre-training on large-scale text corpora. They are extremely compute-intensive and have very high sample complexity. Memory replay is a mechanism…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-23 Rui Liu , Barzan Mozafari

Prioritized experience replay is a reinforcement learning technique whereby agents speed up learning by replaying useful past experiences. This usefulness is quantified as the expected gain from replaying the experience, a quantity often…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-18 Yizhi Yuan , Marcelo G Mattar

Deep learning has emerged as a powerful method for extracting valuable information from large volumes of data. However, when new training data arrives continuously (i.e., is not fully available from the beginning), incremental training…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-06-06 Thomas Bouvier , Bogdan Nicolae , Hugo Chaugier , Alexandru Costan , Ian Foster , Gabriel Antoniu

Experience replay is a key technique behind many recent advances in deep reinforcement learning. Allowing the agent to learn from earlier memories can speed up learning and break undesirable temporal correlations. Despite its wide-spread…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-10-19 Ruishan Liu , James Zou

Replay in neural networks involves training on sequential data with memorized samples, which counteracts forgetting of previous behavior caused by non-stationarity. We present a method where these auxiliary samples are generated on the fly,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-15 Xu Ji , Joao Henriques , Tinne Tuytelaars , Andrea Vedaldi

Learning effective configurations in computer systems without hand-crafting models for every parameter is a long-standing problem. This paper investigates the use of deep reinforcement learning for runtime parameters of cloud databases…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-11-01 Michael Schaarschmidt , Felix Gessert , Valentin Dalibard , Eiko Yoneki

Experience replay enables online reinforcement learning agents to store and reuse the previous experiences of interacting with the environment. In the original method, the experiences are sampled and replayed uniformly at random. A prior…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-13 Fanchen Bu , Dong Eui Chang

Learning to act in an environment to maximise rewards is among the brain's key functions. This process has often been conceptualised within the framework of reinforcement learning, which has also gained prominence in machine learning and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-22 Emma L. Roscow , Raymond Chua , Rui Ponte Costa , Matt W. Jones , Nathan Lepora

Reinforcement learning combined with deep neural networks has performed remarkably well in many genres of games recently. It has surpassed human-level performance in fixed game environments and turn-based two player board games. However, to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-02-03 Inseok Oh , Seungeun Rho , Sangbin Moon , Seongho Son , Hyoil Lee , Jinyun Chung

Experience replay is central to off-policy algorithms in deep reinforcement learning (RL), but there remain significant gaps in our understanding. We therefore present a systematic and extensive analysis of experience replay in Q-learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-15 William Fedus , Prajit Ramachandran , Rishabh Agarwal , Yoshua Bengio , Hugo Larochelle , Mark Rowland , Will Dabney

Playing two-player games using reinforcement learning and self-play can be challenging due to the complexity of two-player environments and the possible instability in the training process. We propose that a reinforcement learning algorithm…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-06 Kimiya Saadat , Richard Zhao

We investigate the effect of using human demonstration data in the replay buffer for Deep Reinforcement Learning. We use a policy gradient method with a modified experience replay buffer where a human demonstration experience is sampled…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-07-15 Dylan Klein , Akansel Cosgun

Online Reinforcement Learning (RL) offers a promising paradigm for enhancing GUI agents through direct environment interaction. However, its effectiveness is severely hindered by inefficient credit assignment in long-horizon tasks and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Han Xiao , Guozhi Wang , Hao Wang , Shilong Liu , Yuxiang Chai , Yue Pan , Yufeng Zhou , Xiaoxin Chen , Yafei Wen , Hongsheng Li

A key theme in the past decade has been that when large neural networks and large datasets combine they can produce remarkable results. In deep reinforcement learning (RL), this paradigm is commonly made possible through experience replay,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-30 Cong Lu , Philip J. Ball , Yee Whye Teh , Jack Parker-Holder

Replay is a powerful strategy to promote learning in artificial intelligence and the brain. However, the conditions to generate it and its functional advantages have not been fully recognized. In this study, we develop a modular…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-08 Jiyi Wang , Likai Tang , Huimiao Chen , Marcelo G Mattar , Sen Song

Currently, deep reinforcement learning (RL) shows impressive results in complex gaming and robotic environments. Often these results are achieved at the expense of huge computational costs and require an incredible number of episodes of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-18 Alexey Skrynnik , Aleksey Staroverov , Ermek Aitygulov , Kirill Aksenov , Vasilii Davydov , Aleksandr I. Panov

In Continual Learning, a Neural Network is trained on a stream of data whose distribution shifts over time. Under these assumptions, it is especially challenging to improve on classes appearing later in the stream while remaining accurate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-13 Pietro Buzzega , Matteo Boschini , Angelo Porrello , Simone Calderara

Self-play is an unsupervised training procedure which enables the reinforcement learning agents to explore the environment without requiring any external rewards. We augment the self-play setting by providing an external memory where the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-06-04 Shagun Sodhani , Vardaan Pahuja

Deep reinforcement learning trains neural networks using experiences sampled from the replay buffer, which is commonly updated at each time step. In this paper, we propose a method to update the replay buffer adaptively and selectively to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-09-09 Xiaowei Xing , Dong Eui Chang

Sample-efficient online reinforcement learning often uses replay buffers to store experience for reuse when updating the value function. However, uniform replay is inefficient, since certain classes of transitions can be more relevant to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-12 Renhao Wang , Kevin Frans , Pieter Abbeel , Sergey Levine , Alexei A. Efros