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In scalar-vector-tensor theories with $U(1)$ gauge invariance, it was recently shown that there exists a new type of hairy black hole (BH) solutions induced by a cubic-order scalar-vector interaction. In this paper, we derive conditions for…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-06-27 Lavinia Heisenberg , Ryotaro Kase , Shinji Tsujikawa

We present a family of exact black-hole solutions on a static spherically symmetric background in second-order generalized Proca theories with derivative vector-field interactions coupled to gravity. We also derive non-exact solutions in…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-11-01 Lavinia Heisenberg , Ryotaro Kase , Masato Minamitsuji , Shinji Tsujikawa

We study static and spherically symmetric black hole (BH) solutions in second-order generalized Proca theories with nonminimal vector field derivative couplings to the Ricci scalar, the Einstein tensor, and the double dual Riemann tensor.…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-08-30 Lavinia Heisenberg , Ryotaro Kase , Masato Minamitsuji , Shinji Tsujikawa

In a subclass of generalized Proca theories where a cubic vector Galileon term breaks the $U(1)$ gauge invariance, it is known that there are static and spherically symmetric black hole (BH) solutions endowed with nonvanishing temporal and…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-09-25 Antonio De Felice , Ryotaro Kase , Shinji Tsujikawa

We analyze the mode stability of odd-parity perturbations of black holes with linearly time-dependent scalar hair in shift-symmetric Horndeski theories. We show that a large class of black hole solutions in these theories suffer from ghost…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-02-01 Kazufumi Takahashi , Teruaki Suyama

The $U(1)$ gauge-invariant scalar-vector-tensor theories, which catches five degrees of freedom, are valuable for its implications to inflation problems, generation of primordial magnetic fields, new black hole (BH) and neutron star…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-10-31 Chao Zhang , Ryotaro Kase

We study the linear stability of black holes in Maxwell-Horndeski theories where a $U(1)$ gauge-invariant vector field is coupled to a scalar field with the Lagrangian of full Horndeski theories. The perturbations on a static and…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-05-25 Ryotaro Kase , Shinji Tsujikawa

We investigate the static and spherically black hole solutions in the quadratic-order extended vector-tensor theories without suffering from the Ostrogradsky instabilities, which include the quartic-order (beyond-)generalized Proca theories…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-05-20 Masato Minamitsuji

An interesting mechanism for the formation of hairy black holes occurs when a vector field, non-minimally coupled to a source term, grows from a perturbation of the vacuum black hole, \textit{aka} vectorization. Its study has, however, been…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-10-31 Lorenzo Pizzuti , Alexandre M. Pombo

We study vector-tensor theories in which a 4-dimensional vector field $A_{\mu}$ is coupled to a vector quantity ${\cal J}^{\mu}$, which is expressed in terms of $A_{\mu}$ and a metric tensor $g_{\mu \nu}$. The divergence of ${\cal J}^{\mu}$…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-06-23 Katsuki Aoki , Shinji Tsujikawa

We demonstrate that black holes and stars in general relativity can be destabilized by perturbations of non-minimally coupled vector fields. Focusing on static and spherically symmetric backgrounds, our analysis shows that black holes with…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-10-18 Sebastian Garcia-Saenz , Aaron Held , Jun Zhang

The generalized Proca theories with second-order equations of motion can be healthily extended to a more general framework in which the number of propagating degrees of freedom remains unchanged. In the presence of a quartic-order…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-06-15 Ryotaro Kase , Masato Minamitsuji , Shinji Tsujikawa

In full Horndeski theories, we show that the static and spherically symmetric black hole (BH) solutions with a static scalar field~$\phi$ whose kinetic term~$X$ is nonvanishing on the BH horizon are generically prone to ghost/Laplacian…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-08-03 Masato Minamitsuji , Kazufumi Takahashi , Shinji Tsujikawa

We study linear perturbations on top of the static and spherically symmetric background of dyonic black hole solutions endowed with electric and magnetic charges, as well as a scalar hair, in the lowest-order $U(1)$ gauge-invariant…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-12-15 Kitaro Taniguchi , Shunta Nishimura , Naoki Tsukamoto , Ryotaro Kase

We analyze spherically symmetric black hole solutions with time-dependent scalar hair in a class of Lovelock-Galileon theories, which are the scalar-tensor theories with second-order field equations in arbitrary dimensions. We first show…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-04-06 Kazufumi Takahashi , Teruaki Suyama , Tsutomu Kobayashi

In the context of the most general scalar-vector-tensor theory, we study the stability of static spherically symmetric black holes under linear odd-parity perturbations. We calculate the action to second order in the linear perturbations to…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-04-06 Yolbeiker Rodríguez Baez , Manuel Gonzalez-Espinoza

We study linear perturbations about static and spherically symmetric black holes with a time-independent background scalar field in shift-symmetric Horndeski theories, whose Lagrangian is characterized by coupling functions depending only…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-05-03 Masato Minamitsuji , Kazufumi Takahashi , Shinji Tsujikawa

We study static spherically symmetric black hole solutions with a linearly time-dependent scalar field and discuss their linear stability in the shift- and reflection-symmetric subclass of quadratic degenerate higher-order scalar-tensor…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-07-24 Kazufumi Takahashi , Hayato Motohashi , Masato Minamitsuji

We introduce a novel, well-defined four-dimensional regularized Gauss-Bonnet theory of gravity by applying a dimensional regularization procedure. The resulting theory is a vector-tensor theory within the generalized Proca class. We then…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-08-19 Christos Charmousis , Pedro G. S. Fernandes , Mokhtar Hassaine

In Einstein-Aether theory, we study the stability of black holes against odd-parity perturbations on a spherically symmetric and static background. For odd-parity modes, there are two dynamical degrees of freedom arising from the tensor…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-09-15 Shinji Tsujikawa , Chao Zhang , Xiang Zhao , Anzhong Wang
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