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Artificial neural networks (ANNs), despite their universal function approximation capability and practical success, are subject to catastrophic forgetting. Catastrophic forgetting refers to the abrupt unlearning of a previous task when a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-11 Heinrich van Deventer , Anna Bosman

Catastrophic forgetting remains a severe hindrance to the broad application of artificial neural networks (ANNs), however, it continues to be a poorly understood phenomenon. Despite the extensive amount of work on catastrophic forgetting,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-10 Dylan R. Ashley , Sina Ghiassian , Richard S. Sutton

The lifelong learning paradigm in machine learning is an attractive alternative to the more prominent isolated learning scheme not only due to its resemblance to biological learning but also its potential to reduce energy waste by obviating…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-30 Sanket Vaibhav Mehta , Darshan Patil , Sarath Chandar , Emma Strubell

In continual learning, the learner faces a stream of data whose distribution changes over time. Modern neural networks are known to suffer under this setting, as they quickly forget previously acquired knowledge. To address such…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-03 Arslan Chaudhry , Albert Gordo , Puneet K. Dokania , Philip Torr , David Lopez-Paz

Artificial neural networks often struggle with catastrophic forgetting when learning multiple tasks sequentially, as training on new tasks degrades the performance on previously learned tasks. Recent theoretical work has addressed this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-10 Francesco Mori , Stefano Sarao Mannelli , Francesca Mignacco

Interpreting the behaviors of Deep Neural Networks (usually considered as a black box) is critical especially when they are now being widely adopted over diverse aspects of human life. Taking the advancements from Explainable Artificial…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-01-08 Giang Nguyen , Shuan Chen , Thao Do , Tae Joon Jun , Ho-Jin Choi , Daeyoung Kim

Catastrophic forgetting and capacity saturation are the central challenges of any parametric lifelong learning system. In this work, we study these challenges in the context of sequential supervised learning with an emphasis on recurrent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-09-10 Shagun Sodhani , Sarath Chandar , Yoshua Bengio

Real-life multilingual systems should be able to efficiently incorporate new languages as data distributions fed to the system evolve and shift over time. To do this, systems need to handle the issue of catastrophic forgetting, where the…

Humans accumulate knowledge in a lifelong fashion. Modern deep neural networks, on the other hand, are susceptible to catastrophic forgetting: when adapted to perform new tasks, they often fail to preserve their performance on previously…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-04-27 Mengyao Zhai , Lei Chen , Jiawei He , Megha Nawhal , Frederick Tung , Greg Mori

Current deep learning architectures suffer from catastrophic forgetting, a failure to retain knowledge of previously learned classes when incrementally trained on new classes. The fundamental roadblock faced by deep learning methods is that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-01 Ziyang Wu , Christina Baek , Chong You , Yi Ma

An important problem in machine learning is the ability to learn tasks in a sequential manner. If trained with standard first-order methods most models forget previously learned tasks when trained on a new task, which is often referred to…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-12-10 Reinhard Heckel

Autonomous machine learning systems that learn many tasks in sequence are prone to the catastrophic forgetting problem. Mathematical theory is needed in order to understand the extent of forgetting during continual learning. As a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Daniel Goldfarb , Paul Hand

In the present era of deep learning, continual learning research is mainly focused on mitigating forgetting when training a neural network with stochastic gradient descent on a non-stationary stream of data. On the other hand, in the more…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-30 Soochan Lee , Hyeonseong Jeon , Jaehyeon Son , Gunhee Kim

People learn throughout life. However, incrementally updating conventional neural networks leads to catastrophic forgetting. A common remedy is replay, which is inspired by how the brain consolidates memory. Replay involves fine-tuning a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-14 Tyler L. Hayes , Kushal Kafle , Robik Shrestha , Manoj Acharya , Christopher Kanan

A large obstacle to deploying deep learning models in practice is the process of updating models post-deployment (ideally, frequently). Deep neural networks can cost many thousands of dollars to train. When new data comes in the pipeline,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-21 Rich Harang , Hillary Sanders

A primary focus area in continual learning research is alleviating the "catastrophic forgetting" problem in neural networks by designing new algorithms that are more robust to the distribution shifts. While the recent progress in continual…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-15 Seyed Iman Mirzadeh , Arslan Chaudhry , Dong Yin , Huiyi Hu , Razvan Pascanu , Dilan Gorur , Mehrdad Farajtabar

Catastrophic forgetting is a critical challenge in training deep neural networks. Although continual learning has been investigated as a countermeasure to the problem, it often suffers from the requirements of additional network components…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-23 Dongmin Park , Seokil Hong , Bohyung Han , Kyoung Mu Lee

Continual learning is considered a promising step towards next-generation Artificial Intelligence (AI), where deep neural networks (DNNs) make decisions by continuously learning a sequence of different tasks akin to human learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-06 Yuyang Gao , Giorgio A. Ascoli , Liang Zhao

We propose a method for tackling catastrophic forgetting in deep reinforcement learning that is \textit{agnostic} to the timescale of changes in the distribution of experiences, does not require knowledge of task boundaries, and can adapt…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-18 Christos Kaplanis , Murray Shanahan , Claudia Clopath

This book chapter delves into the dynamics of continual learning, which is the process of incrementally learning from a non-stationary stream of data. Although continual learning is a natural skill for the human brain, it is very…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-11 Gido M. van de Ven , Nicholas Soures , Dhireesha Kudithipudi
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