Related papers: Holomorphic Structure of Middle Bol Loops

A Bol loop is a loop that satisfies the Bol identity $(xy.z)y=x(yz.y)$. If $L$ is a loop and $f:L\to L$ is a bijection such that $f(xy)\in\{f(x)f(y),f(y)f(x)\}$, for every $x$, $y\in L$, then $f$ is called a half-automorphism of $L$. In…

A loop $(Q,\cdot,\backslash,/)$ is called a middle Bol loop if it obeys the identity $x(yz\backslash x)=(x/z)(y\backslash x)$. In this paper, some new algebraic properties of a middle Bol loop are established. Four bi-variate mappings…

The notion of the holomorph of a generalized Bol loop (GBL) is characterized afresh. The holomorph of a right inverse property loop (RIPL) is shown to be a GBL if and only if the loop is a GBL and some bijections of the loop are right…

A left Bol loop is a loop satisfying $x(y(xz)) = (x(yx))z$. The commutant of a loop is the set of elements which commute with all elements of the loop. In a finite Bol loop of odd order or of order $2k$, $k$ odd, the commutant is a subloop.…

The notion of the holomorph of a generalized Bol loop and generalized flexible-Bol loop are characterized. With the aid of two self-mappings on the holomorph of a loop, it is shown that: the loop is a generalized Bol loop if and only if its…

Automorphic loops are loops in which all inner mappings are automorphisms. This variety of loops includes groups and commutative Moufang loops. A half-isomorphism $f : G \longrightarrow K$ between multiplicative systems $G$ and $K$ is a…

An \emph{automorphic loop} (or \emph{A-loop}) is a loop whose inner mappings are automorphisms. Every element of a commutative A-loop generates a group, and $(xy)^{-1} = x^{-1}y^{-1}$ holds. Let $Q$ be a finite commutative A-loop and $p$ a…

Let $(L,\cdot)$ be any loop and let $A(L)$ be a group of automorphisms of $(L,\cdot)$ such that $\alpha$ and $\phi$ are elements of $A(L)$. It is shown that, for all $x,y,z\in L$, the $A(L)$-holomorph $(H,\circ)=H(L)$ of $(L,\cdot)$ is an…

A loop whose inner mappings are automorphisms is an \emph{automorphic loop} (or \emph{A-loop}). We characterize commutative (A-)loops with middle nucleus of index 2 and solve the isomorphism problem. Using this characterization and certain…

There are a number of identities which, if satisfied by a Bol loop, imply that the loop is actually Moufang. In this paper we show that in a number of cases, the Moufang identity is also forced not by a single identity, but by giving…

Automorphic loops are loops in which all inner mappings are automorphisms. This variety of loops includes, for instance, groups and commutative Moufang loops. We study uniquely 2-divisible automorphic loops, particularly automorphic loops…

Given a uniquely 2-divisible group $G$, we study a commutative loop $(G,\circ)$ which arises as a result of a construction in \cite{baer}. We investigate some general properties and applications of $\circ$ and determine a necessary and…

A module $M$ is called an automorphism-invariant module if every isomorphism between two essential submodules of $M$ extends to an automorphism of $M$. This paper introduces the notion of dual of such modules. We call a module $M$ to be a…

Let $G$ be a finite group and $H$ a subgroup of $G$. Each left transversal (with identity) of $H$ in $G$ has a left loop (left quasigroup with identity) structure induced by the binary operation of $G$. We say two left transversals are…

A loop is said to be automorphic if its inner mappings are automorphisms. For a prime $p$, denote by $\mathcal A_p$ the class of all $2$-generated commutative automorphic loops $Q$ possessing a central subloop $Z\cong \mathbb Z_p$ such that…

If two loops are isomorphic, then it is shown that their holomorphs are also isomorphic. Conversely, it is shown that if their holomorphs are isomorphic, then the loops are isotopic. It is shown that a loop is a Smarandache loop if and only…

If $R$ is a ring with 1, we call a unital left $R$-module $M$ co-Hopfian (Hopfian) in the category of left $R$-modules if any monic (epic) endomorphism of $M$ is an automorphism. For commutative Noetherian $R$ we use results of Matlis to…

A loop is automorphic if all its inner mappings are automorphisms. We construct a large family of automorphic loops as follows. Let $R$ be a commutative ring, $V$ an $R$-module, $E=\mathrm{End}_R(V)$ the ring of $R$-endomorphisms of $V$,…

For any code loop $L$, we prove that the half-automorphism group of $L$ is the product of the automorphism group of $L$ by an elementary abelian $2-$group consisting of all half-automorphisms that acts as the identity on a fixed basis.…

Automorphic loops are loops in which all inner mappings are automorphisms. A large class of automorphic loops is obtained as follows: Let $m$ be a positive even integer, $G$ an abelian group, and $\alpha$ an automorphism of $G$ that…