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Moving bottlenecks, such as slow-driving vehicles, are commonly thought of as impediments to efficient traffic flow. Here, we demonstrate that in certain situations, moving bottlenecks---properly controlled---can actually be beneficial for…
Experimental results for congested pedestrian traffic are presented. For data analysis we apply a method providing measurements on an individual scale. The resulting velocity-density relation shows a coexistence of moving and stopping…
Crowd movement guidance has been a fascinating problem in various fields, such as easing traffic congestion in unusual events and evacuating people from an emergency-affected area. To grab the reins of crowds, there has been considerable…
In the area of urban transportation networks, a growing number of day-to-day (DTD) traffic dynamic theories have been proposed to describe the network flow evolution, and an increasing amount of laboratory experiments have been conducted to…
Social scientists have criticised computer models of pedestrian streams for their treatment of psychological crowds as mere aggregations of individuals. Indeed most models for evacuation dynamics use analogies from physics where pedestrians…
Following the paradigm set by attraction-repulsion-alignment schemes, a myriad of individual based models have been proposed to calculate the evolution of abstract agents. While the emergent features of many agent systems have been…
We consider a kinetic theory approach to model the evacuation of a crowd from bounded domains. The interactions of a person with other pedestrians and the environment, which includes walls, exits, and obstacles, are modeled by using tools…
Traffic jams on roadways, echo chambers on social media, crowds of moving pedestrians, and opinion dynamics during elections are all complex social systems. These applications may seem disparate, but some of the questions that they motivate…
Ultra-dense crowds, in which physical contact between people cannot be avoided, pose major safety concerns. Nevertheless, the underlying dynamics driving their collective behaviours remain poorly understood. Existing dense crowd models,…
We consider a crowd of N persons trying to exit some area trough a small exit. The probability is calculated that an individual is able to withdraw from the crowd under one's own steam. The problem is simulated within the generalized force…
Transport in crowded, complex environments occurs across many spatial scales. Geometric restrictions can hinder the motion of individuals and, combined with crowding between individuals, can have drastic effects on global transport…
To explore the pedestrian motion navigation and conflict reaction mechanisms in practice, we organized a series of circle antipode experiments. In the experiments, pedestrians are uniformly initialized on the circle and required to leave…
In this paper we propose a classification of crowd models in built environments based on the assumed pedestrian ability to foresee the movements of other walkers. At the same time, we introduce a new family of macroscopic models, which make…
Uncertainty is inevitable in transportation system due to the stochastic change of demand and supply. It is one of the most important factors affecting travelers' choice behavior. Based on the framework of Vickrey's bottleneck model, we…
The interaction of all mobile species with their environment hinges on their movement patterns: the places they visit and how frequently they go there. In human society, where the prevalent form of cohabitation is in cities, the highly…
A simple model for the nonlinear collective transport of interacting particles in a random medium with strong disorder is introduced and analyzed. A finite threshold for the driving force divides the behavior into two regimes characterized…
Understanding the movement behaviours of individuals and the way they react to the external world is a key component of any problem that involves the modelling of human dynamics at a physical level. In particular, it is crucial to capture…
We propose and document the evidence for an analogy between the dynamics of granular counter-flows in the presence of bottlenecks or restrictions and financial price formation processes. Using extensive simulations, we find that the…
The increasing urbanization process we have been witnessing in the last decades is accompanied by a significant increase in traffic congestion in cities around the world. The effect of the congestion is represented in the enormous time…
The communication devices have produced digital traces for their users either voluntarily or not. This type of collective data can give powerful indications that are affecting the urban systems design and development. In this study mobile…