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Deep neural networks are widely used in various domains. However, the nature of computations at each layer of the deep networks is far from being well understood. Increasing the interpretability of deep neural networks is thus important.…

Despite the great impact of lies in human societies and a meager 54% human accuracy for Deception Detection (DD), Machine Learning systems that perform automated DD are still not viable for proper application in real-life settings due to…

In cognitive decoding, researchers aim to characterize a brain region's representations by identifying the cognitive states (e.g., accepting/rejecting a gamble) that can be identified from the region's activity. Deep learning (DL) methods…

Deep neural networks have established themselves as one of the most promising machine learning techniques. Training such models at large scales is often parallelized, giving rise to the concept of distributed deep learning. Distributed…

The inability of artificial neural networks to assess the uncertainty of their predictions is an impediment to their widespread use. We distinguish two types of learnable uncertainty: model uncertainty due to a lack of training data and…

We prove hardness-of-learning results under a well-studied assumption on the existence of local pseudorandom generators. As we show, this assumption allows us to surpass the current state of the art, and prove hardness of various basic…

Discrete-choice models are used in economics, marketing and revenue management to predict customer purchase probabilities, say as a function of prices and other features of the offered assortment. While they have been shown to be…

We present a formalism that captures the process of proving quantum superiority to skeptics as an interactive game between two agents, supervised by a referee. Bob, is sampling from a classical distribution on a quantum device that is…

Artificial intelligence, particularly the subfield of machine learning, has seen a paradigm shift towards data-driven models that learn from and adapt to data. This has resulted in unprecedented advancements in various domains such as…

We investigate the applicability of the formalism of quantum mechanics to everyday life. It seems to be directly relevant for situations in which the very act of coming to a conclusion or decision on one issue affects one's confidence about…

Machine learning operates at the intersection of statistics and computer science. This raises the question as to its underlying methodology. While much emphasis has been put on the close link between the process of learning from data and…

The viscosity of lead-containing glasses is of fundamental importance for the manufacturing process, and can be predicted by algorithms such as artificial neural networks. The SciGlass database was used to provide training, validation and…

Classification, the process of assigning a label (or class) to an observation given its features, is a common task in many applications. Nonetheless in most real-life applications, the labels can not be fully explained by the observed…

We propose using neural networks to detect data departures from a given reference model, with no prior bias on the nature of the new physics responsible for the discrepancy. The virtues of neural networks as unbiased function approximants…

The problem of estimating event truths from conflicting agent opinions in a social network is investigated. An autoencoder learns the complex relationships between event truths, agent reliabilities and agent observations. A Bayesian network…

The utility of learning a dynamics/world model of the environment in reinforcement learning has been shown in a many ways. When using neural networks, however, these models suffer catastrophic forgetting when learned in a lifelong or…

Human perception and behavior are affected by the situational context, in particular during social interactions. A recent study demonstrated that humans perceive visual stimuli differently depending on whether they do the task by themselves…

Predicting business process behaviour is an important aspect of business process management. Motivated by research in natural language processing, this paper describes an application of deep learning with recurrent neural networks to the…

Despite the power of deep neural networks for a wide range of tasks, an overconfident prediction issue has limited their practical use in many safety-critical applications. Many recent works have been proposed to mitigate this issue, but…

In the field of pattern recognition research, the method of using deep neural networks based on improved computing hardware recently attracted attention because of their superior accuracy compared to conventional methods. Deep neural…