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Gaussian processes (GPs) are typically criticised for their unfavourable scaling in both computational and memory requirements. For large datasets, sparse GPs reduce these demands by conditioning on a small set of inducing variables…

Gaussian processes (GPs) can provide a principled approach to uncertainty quantification with easy-to-interpret kernel hyperparameters, such as the lengthscale, which controls the correlation distance of function values. However, selecting…

Gaussian processes (GPs) have gained popularity as flexible machine learning models for regression and function approximation with an in-built method for uncertainty quantification. However, GPs suffer when the amount of training data is…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-11-26 Jonas Latz , Aretha L. Teckentrup , Simon Urbainczyk

Deep Gaussian Processes (DGP) are hierarchical generalizations of Gaussian Processes (GP) that have proven to work effectively on a multiple supervised regression tasks. They combine the well calibrated uncertainty estimates of GPs with the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-01-10 Marton Havasi , José Miguel Hernández-Lobato , Juan José Murillo-Fuentes

Gaussian processes (GPs) provide a powerful framework for extrapolation, interpolation, and noise removal in regression and classification. This paper considers constraining GPs to arbitrarily-shaped domains with boundary conditions. We…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-04-11 Arno Solin , Manon Kok

Deep Gaussian processes (DGPs) are popular surrogate models for complex nonstationary computer experiments. DGPs use one or more latent Gaussian processes (GPs) to warp the input space into a plausibly stationary regime, then use typical GP…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-12-23 Annie S. Booth

Gaussian Process (GP) regression is a powerful nonparametric Bayesian framework, but its performance depends critically on the choice of covariance kernel. Selecting an appropriate kernel is therefore central to model quality, yet remains…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Md Shafiqul Islam , Shakti Prasad Padhy , Douglas Allaire , Raymundo Arróyave

Gaussian processes (GPs) are powerful and widely used probabilistic regression models, but their effectiveness in practice is often limited by the choice of kernel function. This kernel function is typically handcrafted from a small set of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Jihao Andreas Lin , Sebastian Ament , Louis C. Tiao , David Eriksson , Maximilian Balandat , Eytan Bakshy

In real-world applications, data often reside in restricted domains with unknown boundaries, or as high-dimensional point clouds lying on a lower-dimensional, nontrivial, unknown manifold. Traditional Gaussian Processes (GPs) struggle to…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-11-21 Mu Niu , Yue Zhang , Ke Ye , Pokman Cheung , Yizhu Wang , Xiaochen Yang

Gaussian Process (GP) models are a powerful tool in probabilistic machine learning with a solid theoretical foundation. Thanks to current advances, modeling complex data with GPs is becoming increasingly feasible, which makes them an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Sarem Seitz

Gaussian processes (GP) provide a prior over functions and allow finding complex regularities in data. Gaussian processes are successfully used for classification/regression problems and dimensionality reduction. In this work we consider…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-11-21 Pavel Izmailov , Dmitry Kropotov

Gaussian process regression is widely used because of its ability to provide well-calibrated uncertainty estimates and handle small or sparse datasets. However, it struggles with high-dimensional data. One possible way to scale this…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-02-02 Bernardo Fichera , Viacheslav Borovitskiy , Andreas Krause , Aude Billard

In decision-making systems, it is important to have classifiers that have calibrated uncertainties, with an optimisation objective that can be used for automated model selection and training. Gaussian processes (GPs) provide uncertainty…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-03-05 Vincent Dutordoir , Mark van der Wilk , Artem Artemev , James Hensman

We propose practical deep Gaussian process models on Riemannian manifolds, similar in spirit to residual neural networks. With manifold-to-manifold hidden layers and an arbitrary last layer, they can model manifold- and scalar-valued…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-03-03 Kacper Wyrwal , Andreas Krause , Viacheslav Borovitskiy

Gaussian processes (GPs) are a class of Kernel methods that have shown to be very useful in geoscience and remote sensing applications for parameter retrieval, model inversion, and emulation. They are widely used because they are simple,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-05-21 J. Emmanuel Johnson , Valero Laparra , Gustau Camps-Valls

We present GP-4DGS, a novel framework that integrates Gaussian Processes (GPs) into 4D Gaussian Splatting (4DGS) for principled probabilistic modeling of dynamic scenes. While existing 4DGS methods focus on deterministic reconstruction,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Mijeong Kim , Jungtaek Kim , Bohyung Han

Parameter retrieval and model inversion are key problems in remote sensing and Earth observation. Currently, different approximations exist: a direct, yet costly, inversion of radiative transfer models (RTMs); the statistical inversion with…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-04-22 Daniel Heestermans Svendsen , Pablo Morales-Alvarez , Ana Belen Ruescas , Rafael Molina , Gustau Camps-Valls

Due to their flexibility, Gaussian processes (GPs) have been widely used in nonparametric function estimation. A prior information about the underlying function is often available. For instance, the physical system (computer model output)…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-11-21 Hassan Maatouk

This paper presents an approach for constrained Gaussian Process (GP) regression where we assume that a set of linear transformations of the process are bounded. It is motivated by machine learning applications for high-consequence…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-09-12 Christian Agrell

Gaussian Processes (GPs) are known to provide accurate predictions and uncertainty estimates even with small amounts of labeled data by capturing similarity between data points through their kernel function. However traditional GP kernels…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-16 Ankur Mallick , Chaitanya Dwivedi , Bhavya Kailkhura , Gauri Joshi , T. Yong-Jin Han