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Autonomous agents rely on sensor data to construct representations of their environments, essential for predicting future events and planning their actions. However, sensor measurements suffer from limited range, occlusions, and sensor…

In this work, we tackle the problem of modeling the vehicle environment as dynamic occupancy grid map in complex urban scenarios using recurrent neural networks. Dynamic occupancy grid maps represent the scene in a bird's eye view, where…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-05-06 Marcel Schreiber , Vasileios Belagiannis , Claudius Glaeser , Klaus Dietmayer

A detailed environment perception is a crucial component of automated vehicles. However, to deal with the amount of perceived information, we also require segmentation strategies. Based on a grid map environment representation, well-suited…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-12-06 Sascha Wirges , Tom Fischer , Jesus Balado Frias , Christoph Stiller

Evidential occupancy grid maps (OGMs) are a popular representation of the environment of automated vehicles. Inverse sensor models (ISMs) are used to compute OGMs from sensor data such as lidar point clouds. Geometric ISMs show a limited…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-11-22 Raphael van Kempen , Bastian Lampe , Timo Woopen , Lutz Eckstein

Occupancy grids are the most common framework when it comes to creating a map of the environment using a robot. This paper studies occupancy grids from the motion planning perspective and proposes a mapping method that provides richer data…

Robotics · Computer Science 2016-09-20 Ali-akbar Agha-mohammadi

LiDAR-to-OpenStreetMap (OSM) localization has gained increasing attention, as OSM provides lightweight global priors such as building footprints. These priors enhance global consistency for robot navigation, but OSM is often incomplete or…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Jianping Li , Kaisong Zhu , Zhongyuan Liu , Rui Jin , Xinhang Xu , Pengfei Wan , Lihua Xie

In this paper, we propose an optimization based SLAM approach to simultaneously optimize the robot trajectory and the occupancy map using 2D laser scans (and odometry) information. The key novelty is that the robot poses and the occupancy…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-05-20 Liang Zhao , Yingyu Wang , Shoudong Huang

Occupancy grid maps (OGMs) are fundamental to most systems for autonomous robotic navigation. However, CPU-based implementations struggle to keep up with data rates from modern 3D lidar sensors, and provide little capacity for modern…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-06-14 Kazys Stepanas , Jason Williams , Emili Hernández , Fabio Ruetz , Thomas Hines

This paper describes a system whereby a robot detects and track human-meaningful navigational cues as it navigates in an indoor environment. It is intended as the sensor front-end for a mobile robot system that can communicate its…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-03-12 Payam Nikdel , Richard Vaughan

Grid maps, especially occupancy grid maps, are ubiquitous in many mobile robot applications. To simplify the process of learning the map, grid maps subdivide the world into a grid of cells whose occupancies are independently estimated using…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-09-02 Matti Pekkanen , Francesco Verdoja , Ville Kyrki

We investigate the multi-step prediction of the drivable space, represented by Occupancy Grid Maps (OGMs), for autonomous vehicles. Our motivation is that accurate multi-step prediction of the drivable space can efficiently improve path…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-01-24 Nima Mohajerin , Mohsen Rohani

Long-term situation prediction plays a crucial role in the development of intelligent vehicles. A major challenge still to overcome is the prediction of complex downtown scenarios with multiple road users, e.g., pedestrians, bikes, and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2017-11-08 Stefan Hoermann , Martin Bach , Klaus Dietmayer

In autonomous robot exploration, the frontier is the border in the world map between the explored space and unexplored space. The frontier plays an important role when deciding where in the environment the robots should go explore next. We…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-07-16 Juraj Oršulić , Damjan Miklić , Zdenko Kovačić

A common approach for modeling the environment of an autonomous vehicle are dynamic occupancy grid maps, in which the surrounding is divided into cells, each containing the occupancy and velocity state of its location. Despite the advantage…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-05-06 Marcel Schreiber , Vasileios Belagiannis , Claudius Gläser , Klaus Dietmayer

SLAM (Simultaneous Localisation and Mapping) is a crucial component for robotic systems, providing a map of an environment, the current location and previous trajectory of a robot. While 3D LiDAR SLAM has received notable improvements in…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Leon Davies , Baihua Li , Mohamad Saada , Simon Sølvsten , Qinggang Meng

With the great achievement of artificial intelligence, vehicle technologies have advanced significantly from human centric driving towards fully automated driving. An intelligent vehicle should be able to understand the driver's perception…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2019-03-12 Yang Zheng , Izzat H. Izzat , John H. L. Hansen

Freespace detection is an essential component of autonomous driving technology and plays an important role in trajectory planning. In the last decade, deep learning-based free space detection methods have been proved feasible. However,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-06-28 Chen Min , Weizhong Jiang , Dawei Zhao , Jiaolong Xu , Liang Xiao , Yiming Nie , Bin Dai

Occupancy prediction infers fine-grained 3D geometry and semantics from camera images of the surrounding environment, making it a critical perception task for autonomous driving. Existing methods either adopt dense grids as scene…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Yunxiao Shi , Yinhao Zhu , Shizhong Han , Jisoo Jeong , Amin Ansari , Hong Cai , Fatih Porikli

SLAM is a fundamental component of modern autonomous systems, providing robots and their operators with a deeper understanding of their environment. SLAM systems often encounter challenges due to the dynamic nature of robotic motion,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Leon Davies , Baihua Li , Mohamad Saada , Simon Sølvsten , Qinggang Meng

A dynamic occupancy grid map (DOGMa) allows a fast, robust, and complete environment representation for automated vehicles. Dynamic objects in a DOGMa, however, are commonly represented as independent cells while modeled objects with shape…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-04-12 Daniel Stumper , Fabian Gies , Stefan Hoermann , Klaus Dietmayer