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Super-resolution is a machine-learning technique in image processing which generates high-resolution images from low-resolution images. Inspired by this approach, we perform a numerical experiment of quantum machine learning, which takes…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-11-09 Rei Sakuma , Yutaro Iiyama , Lento Nagano , Ryu Sawada , Koji Terashi

There is a clear need for developments in characterisation techniques that provide detailed information about structure-function relationships in biology. Using electron microscopy to achieve high resolution while maintaining a broad field…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2023-09-12 Chen Huang , Judy S. Kim , Angus I. Kirkland

Cryo-electron tomography enables 3D visualization of cells in a near native state at molecular resolution. The produced cellular tomograms contain detailed information about all macromolecular complexes, their structures, their abundances…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2019-04-30 Min Xu , Elitza I Tocheva , Yi-Wei Chang , Grant J Jensen , Frank Alber

The optical cross sections of plasmonic nanoparticles are intricately linked to the morphology of the particle. If this connection can be made accurately enough, it would become possible to determine a particles shape solely from its…

The process of particle picking, a crucial step in cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) image analysis, often encounters challenges due to outliers, leading to inaccuracies in downstream processing. In response to this challenge, this…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2024-09-10 Lev Kapnulin , Ayelet Heimowitz , Nir Sharon

Over the past decade, cryogenic electron microscopy (cryo-EM) has emerged as a primary method for determining near-native, near-atomic resolution 3D structures of biological macromolecules. In order to meet increasing demand for cryo-EM,…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-01-19 Paul T. Kim , Alex J. Noble , Anchi Cheng , Tristan Bepler

Mapping conformational heterogeneity of macromolecules presents a formidable challenge to X-ray crystallography and cryo-electron microscopy, which often presume its absence. This has severely limited our knowledge of the conformations…

Biological Physics · Physics 2015-05-14 P. Schwander , R. Fung , G. N. Phillips , A. Ourmazd

One of the difficulties in 3D reconstruction of molecules from images in single particle Cryo-Electron Microscopy (Cryo-EM), in addition to high levels of noise and unknown image orientations, is heterogeneity in samples: in many cases, the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-07-13 Roy R. Lederman , Amit Singer

A practical method utilising three-dimensional image pattern matching is proposed which, in principle, is capable of unambiguous determination of the types and positions of atoms in small molecules from defocus series collected at only a…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-12-02 T. E. Gureyev , H. M. Quiney , A. Kozlov , L. J. Allen

Much of the exotic functionality of prime interest in quantum materials emerges from structural and electronic ground states that can only be accessed at cryogenic temperatures. Understanding device operation therefore requires structural…

Single-particle removal reactions are becoming an important tool for studying radioactive nuclei. The nuclei far from stability may reveal new regions of large deformation. We discuss the influence of the projectile deformation on the…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2009-10-31 Alexander Sakharuk , P. Gregers Hansen , Vladimir Zelevinsky

This review is devoted to precision physics of simple atoms. The atoms can essentially be described in the framework of quantum electrodynamics (QED), however, the energy levels are also affected by the effects of the strong interaction due…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2015-06-25 Savely G. Karshenboim

Significant progress has been made in spatial resolution using environmental transmission electron microscopes (ETEM), which now enables atomic resolution visualization of structural transformation under variable temperature and gas…

Materials Science · Physics 2015-06-18 Wenpei Gao , Jianbo Wu , Xiaofeng Zhang , Aram Yoon , J. Mabon , W. Swiech , W. L. Wilson , H. Yang , Jian-Min Zuo

In most cases, structural health monitoring depends on the determination of the modal parameters of the first few modes of a structure. The data that are used to identify these modes by output-only methods include the structure response…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-08-25 Gholamreza Jahangiri , Seyed Rasoul Nabavian , Mohammad Reza Davoodi , Bahram Navayi Neya , Seyedamin Mostafavian

High-fidelity numerical methods that model the physical layout of a device are essential for the design of many technologies. For methods that characterize electromagnetic effects, these numerical methods are referred to as computational…

Single-cell technologies have revolutionized biomedical research by enabling scalable measurement of the genome, transcriptome, and proteome of multiple systems at single-cell resolution. Now widely applied to cancer models, these assays…

Genomics · Quantitative Biology 2020-05-05 Allen W Zhang , Kieran R Campbell

The choice of stabilization term is a critical component of the virtual element method (VEM). However, the theory of VEM provides only asymptotic guidance for selecting the stabilization term, which ensures convergence as the mesh size…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-04-04 Alessandro Russo , N. Sukumar

It is increasingly common to evaluate the same coreference resolution (CR) model on multiple datasets. Do these multi-dataset evaluations allow us to draw meaningful conclusions about model generalization? Or, do they rather reflect the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-19 Ian Porada , Alexandra Olteanu , Kaheer Suleman , Adam Trischler , Jackie Chi Kit Cheung

In this study, my main goal is to examine the nuclear matter properties across a wide range of conditions, such as temperature, density, asymmetry, pressure, and magnetic field. Understanding the effect of these factors on nuclear matter is…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2023-09-21 Vishal Parmar

Understanding protein flexibility and its dynamic interactions with other molecules is essential for studying protein function. Although cryogenic electron microscopy(cryo-EM) provides an opportunity to observe macromolecular dynamics…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Bintao He , Yiran Cheng , Hongjia Li , Xiang Gao , Xin Gao , Fa Zhang , Renmin Han