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This study demonstrates the effectiveness of XLNet, a transformer-based language model, for annotating argumentative elements in persuasive essays. XLNet's architecture incorporates a recurrent mechanism that allows it to model long-term…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-13 Christopher Ormerod , Amy Burkhardt , Mackenzie Young , Sue Lottridge

End-to-end task-oriented dialog models have achieved promising performance on collaborative tasks where users willingly coordinate with the system to complete a given task. While in non-collaborative settings, for example, negotiation and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-12-02 Yu Li , Kun Qian , Weiyan Shi , Zhou Yu

Conversational recommender systems (CRS) that are able to interact with users in natural language often utilize recommendation dialogs which were previously collected with the help of paired humans, where one plays the role of a seeker and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-09-08 Ahtsham Manzoor , Dietmar Jannach

Capturing the temporal dynamics of user preferences over items is important for recommendation. Existing methods mainly assume that all time steps in user-item interaction history are equally relevant to recommendation, which however does…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2017-09-08 Wenjie Pei , Jie Yang , Zhu Sun , Jie Zhang , Alessandro Bozzon , David M. J. Tax

We provide a probabilistic interpretation of attention and show that the standard dot-product attention in transformers is a special case of Maximum A Posteriori (MAP) inference. The proposed approach suggests the use of Expectation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-07-06 Prasad Gabbur , Manjot Bilkhu , Javier Movellan

When working on digital devices, people often face distractions that can lead to a decline in productivity and efficiency, as well as negative psychological and emotional impacts. To address this challenge, we introduce a novel Artificial…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Juheon Choi , Juyong Lee , Jian Kim , Chanyoung Kim , Taywon Min , W. Bradley Knox , Min Kyung Lee , Kimin Lee

Task-oriented dialogue systems are designed to achieve specific goals while conversing with humans. In practice, they may have to handle simultaneously several domains and tasks. The dialogue manager must therefore be able to take into…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-12 Thibault Cordier , Tanguy Urvoy , Fabrice Lefèvre , Lina M. Rojas-Barahona

In several natural language tasks, labeled sequences are available in separate domains (say, languages), but the goal is to label sequences with mixed domain (such as code-switched text). Or, we may have available models for labeling whole…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-12-27 Divam Gupta , Tanmoy Chakraborty , Soumen Chakrabarti

Task oriented dialog systems typically first parse user utterances to semantic frames comprised of intents and slots. Previous work on task oriented intent and slot-filling work has been restricted to one intent per query and one slot label…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-10-19 Sonal Gupta , Rushin Shah , Mrinal Mohit , Anuj Kumar , Mike Lewis

We introduce AnnoABSA, the first web-based annotation tool to support the full spectrum of Aspect-Based Sentiment Analysis (ABSA) tasks. The tool is highly customizable, enabling flexible configuration of sentiment elements and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Nils Constantin Hellwig , Jakob Fehle , Udo Kruschwitz , Christian Wolff

Active Learning (AL) addresses the high costs of collecting human annotations by strategically annotating the most informative samples. However, for subjective NLP tasks, incorporating a wide range of perspectives in the annotation process…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-24 Michiel van der Meer , Neele Falk , Pradeep K. Murukannaiah , Enrico Liscio

Semantic annotation, the process of identifying key-phrases in texts and linking them to concepts in a knowledge base, is an important basis for semantic information retrieval and the Semantic Web uptake. Despite the emergence of semantic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-11-15 Gagnon Michel , Zouaq Amal , Aranha Francisco , Ensan Faezeh , Jean-Louis Ludovic

While deep learning is a powerful tool for natural language processing (NLP) problems, successful solutions to these problems rely heavily on large amounts of annotated samples. However, manually annotating data is expensive and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-06 Rishi Hazra , Parag Dutta , Shubham Gupta , Mohammed Abdul Qaathir , Ambedkar Dukkipati

Imitation learning enables robots to acquire complex manipulation skills from human demonstrations, but current methods rely solely on low-level sensorimotor data while ignoring the rich semantic knowledge humans naturally possess about…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Jakob Karalus , Friedhelm Schwenker

Large language models (LLMs) gained immense popularity due to their impressive capabilities in unstructured conversations. Empowering LLMs with advanced prompting strategies such as reasoning and acting (ReAct) (Yao et al., 2022) has shown…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Michelle Elizabeth , Morgan Veyret , Miguel Couceiro , Ondrej Dusek , Lina M. Rojas-Barahona

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated considerable advances, and several claims have been made about their exceeding human performance. However, in real-world tasks, domain knowledge is often required. Low-resource learning methods…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-17 Yuxuan Lu , Bingsheng Yao , Shao Zhang , Yun Wang , Peng Zhang , Tun Lu , Toby Jia-Jun Li , Dakuo Wang

Learning task-oriented dialog policies via reinforcement learning typically requires large amounts of interaction with users, which in practice renders such methods unusable for real-world applications. In order to reduce the data…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-07-04 Jorge A. Mendez , Alborz Geramifard , Mohammad Ghavamzadeh , Bing Liu

A popular approach for large scale data annotation tasks is crowdsourcing, wherein each data point is labeled by multiple noisy annotators. We consider the problem of inferring ground truth from noisy ordinal labels obtained from multiple…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2013-05-02 Balaji Lakshminarayanan , Yee Whye Teh

Collaborative robotics requires effective communication between a robot and a human partner. This work proposes a set of interpretive principles for how a robotic arm can use pointing actions to communicate task information to people by…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-12-16 Malihe Alikhani , Baber Khalid , Rahul Shome , Chaitanya Mitash , Kostas Bekris , Matthew Stone

Appraisal theories explain how the cognitive evaluation of an event leads to a particular emotion. In contrast to theories of basic emotions or affect (valence/arousal), this theory has not received a lot of attention in natural language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-02-26 Jan Hofmann , Enrica Troiano , Roman Klinger