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We introduce a new multi-dimensional nonlinear embedding -- Piecewise Flat Embedding (PFE) -- for image segmentation. Based on the theory of sparse signal recovery, piecewise flat embedding with diverse channels attempts to recover a…
Feature selection is an important and active research area in statistics and machine learning. The Elastic Net is often used to perform selection when the features present non-negligible collinearity or practitioners wish to incorporate…
Iteratively reweighted least square (IRLS) is a popular approach to solve sparsity-enforcing regression problems in machine learning. State of the art approaches are more efficient but typically rely on specific coordinate pruning schemes.…
Electron tomography (ET) has become a standard technique for 3D characterization of materials at the nano-scale. Traditional reconstruction algorithms such as weighted back projection suffer from disruptive artifacts with insufficient…
This work deals with a regularization method enforcing solution sparsity of linear ill-posed problems by appropriate discretization in the image space. Namely, we formulate the so called least error method in an $\ell^1$ setting and perform…
The use of machine-learning in neuroimaging offers new perspectives in early diagnosis and prognosis of brain diseases. Although such multivariate methods can capture complex relationships in the data, traditional approaches provide…
This work considers using reduced basis techniques in connection to (smoothened) total variation regularization in electrical impedance tomography, but analogous ideas can also be used for other inverse elliptic boundary value problems. It…
In this work, we propose an optimization framework for estimating a sparse robust one-dimensional subspace. Our objective is to minimize both the representation error and the penalty, in terms of the l1-norm criterion. Given that the…
Sparsity inducing regularization is an important part for learning over-complete visual representations. Despite the popularity of $\ell_1$ regularization, in this paper, we investigate the usage of non-convex regularizations in this…
All imaging modalities such as computed tomography (CT), emission tomography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) require a reconstruction approach to produce an image. A common image processing task for applications that utilise those…
Regularization methods improve the stability of ill-posed inverse problems by introducing some a priori characteristics for the solution such as smoothness or sharpness. In this contribution, we propose a multidimensional, scale-dependent…
We consider the problem of learning a sparse graph under the Laplacian constrained Gaussian graphical models. This problem can be formulated as a penalized maximum likelihood estimation of the Laplacian constrained precision matrix. Like in…
This paper discusses the incorporation of local sparsity information, e.g. in each pixel of an image, via minimization of the $\ell^{1,\infty}$-norm. We discuss the basic properties of this norm when used as a regularization functional and…
We propose a new fast algorithm for solving one of the standard formulations of image restoration and reconstruction which consists of an unconstrained optimization problem where the objective includes an $\ell_2$ data-fidelity term and a…
Source imaging based on magnetoencephalography (MEG) and electroencephalography (EEG) allows for the non-invasive analysis of brain activity with high temporal and good spatial resolution. As the bioelectromagnetic inverse problem is…
In this paper, we consider the asymptotical regularization with convex constraints for nonlinear ill-posed problems. The method allows to use non-smooth penalty terms, including the L1-like and the total variation-like penalty functionals,…
Electrical Impedance Tomography (EIT) is a noninvasive imaging technique that does not use ionizing radiation, with application both in environmental sciences and in health. Image reconstruction is performed by solving an inverse problem…
The de-facto standard approach of promoting sparsity by means of $\ell_1$-regularization becomes ineffective in the presence of simplex constraints, i.e.,~the target is known to have non-negative entries summing up to a given constant. The…
We study sparse signal recovery from noisy linear observations using nonconvex log-sum regularization. The log-sum penalty reduces the shrinkage bias of $\ell_1$ regularization and more closely approximates the $\ell_0$ regularization, but…
Electrical impedance tomography (EIT) is a noninvasive medical imaging modality utilizing the current-density/voltage data measured on the surface of the subject. Calder\'on's method is a relatively recent EIT imaging algorithm that is…