English
Related papers

Related papers: Understanding and Improving the Latency of DRAM-Ba…

200 papers

The growing memory demands of modern applications have driven the adoption of far memory technologies in data centers to provide cost-effective, high-capacity memory solutions. However, far memory presents new performance challenges because…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-04-18 Luming Wang , Xu Zhang , Songyue Wang , Zhuolun Jiang , Tianyue Lu , Mingyu Chen , Siwei Luo , Keji Huang

Non-volatile memory (NVM) is a class of promising scalable memory technologies that can potentially offer higher capacity than DRAM at the same cost point. Unfortunately, the access latency and energy of NVM is often higher than those of…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2018-05-01 HanBin Yoon , Justin Meza , Rachata Ausavarungnirun , Rachael A. Harding , Onur Mutlu

Computing is bottlenecked by data. Large amounts of application data overwhelm storage capability, communication capability, and computation capability of the modern machines we design today. As a result, many key applications' performance,…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2020-08-17 Onur Mutlu

Limited memory bandwidth is a critical bottleneck in modern systems. 3D-stacked DRAM enables higher bandwidth by leveraging wider Through-Silicon-Via (TSV) channels, but today's systems cannot fully exploit them due to the limited internal…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2015-06-11 Donghyuk Lee , Gennady Pekhimenko , Samira Khan , Saugata Ghose , Onur Mutlu

Large Language Models (LLMs) increasingly require processing long text sequences, but GPU memory limitations force difficult trade-offs between memory capacity and bandwidth. While HBM-based acceleration offers high bandwidth, its capacity…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-04-25 Qingyuan Liu , Liyan Chen , Yanning Yang , Haocheng Wang , Dong Du , Zhigang Mao , Naifeng Jing , Yubin Xia , Haibo Chen

Over the years, the DRAM latency has not scaled proportionally with its density due to the cost-centric mindset of the DRAM industry. Prior work has shown that this shortcoming can be overcome by reducing the critical length of DRAM access…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2020-08-27 Chao-Hsuan Huang , Ishan G Thakkar

Resistive random-access memory (RRAM) is gaining popularity due to its ability to offer computing within the memory and its non-volatile nature. The unique properties of RRAM, such as binary switching, multi-state switching, and device…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2024-07-08 Simranjeet Singh , Farhad Merchant , Sachin Patkar

The rapid advancement of neuromorphic technology aims to address the memory wall challenge inherent in conventional von Neumann architectures. This paper critically examines current digital neuromorphic processors and their strategies to…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Amirreza Yousefzadeh , Sameed Sohail , Ana Lucia Varbanescu

Advancement in Processor technology has made it easy to handle data-intensive workloads, but limiting main memory advances has created performance bottlenecks. In DRAM, there have been improvements in DRAM access latency as well as…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2021-05-24 Saurabh Jaiswal , Shailendra Kumar Gupta , Soumya Soubhagya Dandapat

3D NAND flash memory with advanced multi-level cell techniques provides high storage density, but suffers from significant performance degradation due to a large number of read-retry operations. Although the read-retry mechanism is…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2021-03-15 Jisung Park , Myungsuk Kim , Myoungjun Chun , Lois Orosa , Jihong Kim , Onur Mutlu

This dissertation develops hardware that automatically reduces the effective latency of accessing memory in both single-core and multi-core systems. To accomplish this, the dissertation shows that all last level cache misses can be…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2016-09-02 Milad Hashemi

Caching is crucial for enabling high-throughput networks for data intensive applications. Traditional caching technology relies on DRAM, as it can transfer data at a high rate. However, DRAM capacity is subject to contention by most system…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2023-10-12 Faruk Volkan Mutlu , Edmund Yeh

In most modern systems, the memory subsystem is managed and accessed at multiple different granularities at various resources. We observe that such multi-granularity management results in significant inefficiency in the memory subsystem.…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2016-05-23 Vivek Seshadri

Compute-in-memory (PIM) mitigates the memory wall by performing computation within memory, reducing data movement and improving energy efficiency. DRAM-based PIM is particularly attractive due to its high density, mature manufacturing…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Siddhartha Raman Sundara Raman , Siyuan Ma , Lizy Kurian John

3D NAND flash memory with advanced multi-level cell techniques provides high storage density, but suffers from significant performance degradation due to a large number of read-retry operations. Although the read-retry mechanism is…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2021-04-21 Jisung Park , Myungsuk Kim , Myoungjun Chun , Lois Orosa , Jihong Kim , Onur Mutlu

In this paper, we conduct systematic measurement studies to show that the high memory bandwidth consumption of modern distributed applications can lead to a significant drop of network throughput and a large increase of tail latency in…

Many high end and next generation computing systems to incorporated alternative memory technologies to meet performance goals. Since these technologies present distinct advantages and tradeoffs compared to conventional DDR* SDRAM, such as…

Performance · Computer Science 2021-10-06 M. Ben Olson , Brandon Kammerdiener , Kshitij A. Doshi , Terry Jones , Michael R. Jantz

High capacity and scalable memory systems play a vital role in enabling our desktops, smartphones, and pervasive technologies like Internet of Things (IoT). Unfortunately, memory systems are becoming increasingly prone to faults. This is…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2019-09-04 Prashant J. Nair

Processing-in-memory (PIM) architectures have seen an increase in popularity recently, as the high internal bandwidth available within 3D-stacked memory provides greater incentive to move some computation into the logic layer of the memory.…

In recent years, memory wall has been a great performance bottleneck of computer system. To overcome it, Non-Volatile Main Memory (NVMM) technology has been discussed widely to provide a much larger main memory capacity. Last year, Intel…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2020-10-01 Tianyue Lu , Haiyang Pan , Mingyu Chen