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Deviations from thermal distribution functions of produced particles in relativistic heavy-ion collisions are discussed as indicators for nonequilibrium processes. The focus is on rapidity distributions of produced charged hadrons as…
Non-resonant fusion cross-sections significantly higher than corresponding theoretical predictions are observed in low-energy experiments with deuterated matrix target. Models based on thermal effects, electron screening, or quantum-effect…
Thermal instability in an electron-ion magnetized plasma, which is relevant in the intragalactic medium (IGM) of galaxy clusters, solar corona, and other two-component plasma objects is investigated. We apply the multicomponent plasma…
The dynamical reaction of the particles accelerated at a shock front by the first order Fermi process can be determined within kinetic models that account for both the hydrodynamics of the shocked fluid and the transport of the accelerated…
A nonequilibrium thermodynamic theory demonstrating an induction effect of a statistical nature is presented. We have shown that this thermodynamic induction can arise in a class of systems that have variable kinetic coefficients (VKC). In…
In the recent Letter [1] we considered the approach of nonequilibrium pair plasma towards thermal equilibrium state adopting a kinetic treatment and solving numerically the relativistic Boltzmann equations. It was shown that plasma in the…
Unlike fluids at thermal equilibrium, biomolecular mixtures in living systems can sustain nonequilibrium steady states, in which active processes modify the conformational states of the constituent molecules. Despite qualitative…
We investigate the nonequilibrium stationary states of systems consisting of chemical reactions among molecules of several chemical species. To this end we introduce and develop a stochastic formulation of nonequilibrium thermodynamics of…
An intriguing phenomenon in non-equilibrium quantum thermodynamics is the asymmetry of thermal processes. Relaxation to thermal equilibrium is the most important dissipative process, being a key concept for the design of heat engines and…
All current formulations of nonequilibrium thermodynamics of open chemical reaction networks rely on the assumption of non-interacting species. We develop a general theory which accounts for interactions between chemical species within a…
We study numerically an inhomogeneous Ising lattice gas with short-range interactions where different sectors are in contact with thermal baths at different temperatures. Inside the different sectors particles jump to empty sites following…
Particles are heated efficiently through energy conversion processes such as shocks and magnetic reconnection in collisionless plasma environments. While empirical scaling laws for the temperature increase have been obtained, the precise…
The rate, selectivity and efficiency of plasma-based conversion processes is strongly affected by nonequilibrium phenomena. High concentrations of vibrationally excited molecules are such a plasma-induced effect. It is frequently assumed…
A thermal analogue of the classical brachistochrone problem, which minimizes the connection time between two equilibrium states of harmonically confined Brownian particles, has recently been solved theoretically. Here we report its…
Adding activity or driving to a thermal system may modify its phase diagram and response functions. We study that effect for a Curie-Weiss model where the thermal bath switches rapidly between two temperatures. The critical temperature…
Energy exchange processes play a crucial role in the early Universe, affecting the thermal balance and the dynamical evolution of the primordial gas. In the present work we focus on the consequences of a non-thermal distribution of the…
This study explores the impact of temperature on defect dynamics in tungsten, emphasizing its application in nuclear fusion reactors as Plasma Facing Components (PFCs). Through atomistic simulations, the research elucidates the intricate…
A quantum molecular model for fermions is investigated which works with antisymmetrized many-body states composed of localized single-particle wave packets. The application to the description of atomic nuclei and collisions between them…
Context. In dffuse interstellar clouds the excitation temperature derived from the lowest levels of H$^+_3$ is systematically lower than that derived from H2. The differences may be attributed to the lack of state-specific formation and…
Results on heat current, entropy production rate and entanglement are reported for a quantum system coupled to two different temperature heat reservoirs. By applying a temperature gradient, different quantum states can be found with exactly…