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Deep learning motivated by convolutional neural networks has been highly successful in a range of medical imaging problems like image classification, image segmentation, image synthesis etc. However for validation and interpretability, not…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-08-19 Abhinav Sagar

Segmentation of anatomical structures and pathologies is inherently ambiguous. For instance, structure borders may not be clearly visible or different experts may have different styles of annotating. The majority of current state-of-the-art…

In recent years, significant progress has been made in developing more accurate and efficient machine learning algorithms for segmentation of medical and natural images. In this review article, we highlight the imperative role of machine…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-11-07 Hyunseok Seo , Masoud Badiei Khuzani , Varun Vasudevan , Charles Huang , Hongyi Ren , Ruoxiu Xiao , Xiao Jia , Lei Xing

Segmentation of small and irregularly shaped abdominal organs, such as the adrenal glands in CT imaging, remains a persistent challenge due to severe class imbalance, poor spatial context, and limited annotated data. In this work, we…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-04 Hania Ghouse , Muzammil Behzad

PET/CT is extensively used in imaging malignant tumors because it highlights areas of increased glucose metabolism, indicative of cancerous activity. Accurate 3D lesion segmentation in PET/CT imaging is essential for effective oncological…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-12 Ching-Wei Wang , Ting-Sheng Su , Keng-Wei Liu

Breast cancer is one of the most common causes of death among women worldwide, with millions of fatalities annually. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) can provide various sequences for characterizing tumor morphology and internal patterns,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Jingxing Zhong , Qingtao Pan , Xuchang Zhou , Jiazhen Lin , Xinguo Zhuang

Breast cancer, the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths globally, accounts for a quarter of all cancer cases [1]. To lower this death rate, it is crucial to detect tumors early, as early-stage detection significantly improves…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Samia Saeed , Khuram Naveed

Pathology image segmentation is crucial in computational pathology for analyzing histological features relevant to cancer diagnosis and prognosis. However, current methods face major challenges in clinical applications due to limited…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-20 Zhixuan Chen , Junlin Hou , Liqi Lin , Yihui Wang , Yequan Bie , Xi Wang , Yanning Zhou , Ronald Cheong Kin Chan , Hao Chen

Pathological lymph node delineation is crucial in cancer diagnosis, progression assessment, and treatment planning. The MICCAI 2023 Lymph Node Quantification Challenge published the first public dataset for pathological lymph node…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-24 Stefan M. Fischer , Johannes Kiechle , Daniel M. Lang , Jan C. Peeken , Julia A. Schnabel

The escalating global cancer burden underscores the critical need for precise diagnostic tools in oncology. This research employs deep learning to enhance lesion segmentation in PET/CT imaging, utilizing a dataset of 900 whole-body…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-17 Jiayi Liu , Qiaoyi Xue , Youdan Feng , Tianming Xu , Kaixin Shen , Chuyun Shen , Yuhang Shi

Breast cancer is a prominent health concern worldwide, currently being the secondmost common and second-deadliest type of cancer in women. While current breast cancer diagnosis mainly relies on mammography imaging, in recent years the use…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-06-25 Tamir Shor , Chaim Baskin , Alex Bronstein

Gross Target Volume (GTV) segmentation plays an irreplaceable role in radiotherapy planning for Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma (NPC). Despite that Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) have achieved good performance for this task, they rely on a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-06-07 Xiangde Luo , Wenjun Liao , Jieneng Chen , Tao Song , Yinan Chen , Shichuan Zhang , Nianyong Chen , Guotai Wang , Shaoting Zhang

Breast cancer remains the leading cause of cancer-related mortality among women worldwide, necessitating the meticulous examination of mammograms by radiologists to characterize abnormal lesions. This manual process demands high accuracy…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-25 Laia Domingo , Mahdi Chehimi

For brain tumour segmentation, deep learning models can achieve human expert-level performance given a large amount of data and pixel-level annotations. However, the expensive exercise of obtaining pixel-level annotations for large amounts…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-11 Xiao Liu , Antanas Kascenas , Hannah Watson , Sotirios A. Tsaftaris , Alison Q. O'Neil

Rectal cancer is one of the most common diseases and a major cause of mortality. For deciding rectal cancer treatment plans, T-staging is important. However, evaluating the index from preoperative MRI images requires high radiologists'…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-12-11 Saeko Sasuga , Akira Kudo , Yoshiro Kitamura , Satoshi Iizuka , Edgar Simo-Serra , Atsushi Hamabe , Masayuki Ishii , Ichiro Takemasa

In the last few years, deep learning classifiers have shown promising results in image-based medical diagnosis. However, interpreting the outputs of these models remains a challenge. In cancer diagnosis, interpretability can be achieved by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-06-16 Kangning Liu , Yiqiu Shen , Nan Wu , Jakub Chłędowski , Carlos Fernandez-Granda , Krzysztof J. Geras

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death worldwide, and adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is the most common subtype. Exploiting the potential value of the histopathology images can promote precision medicine in oncology. Tissue segmentation is…

Whole-body PET/CT scan is an important tool for diagnosing various malignancies (e.g., malignant melanoma, lymphoma, or lung cancer), and accurate segmentation of tumors is a key part for subsequent treatment. In recent years, CNN-based…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-02-27 Hengzhi Xue , Qingqing Fang , Yudong Yao , Yueyang Teng

Development of deep learning systems for biomedical segmentation often requires access to expert-driven, manually annotated datasets. If more than a single expert is involved in the annotation of the same images, then the inter-expert…

Tumor segmentation in whole-body PET/CT imaging is crucial for precise disease evaluation and treatment planning. However, it remains challenging due to variability in lesion size, contrast, and anatomical distribution. Relying on manual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Hussain Alasmawi