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Recent advances in deep learning and automatic speech recognition have improved the accuracy of end-to-end speech recognition systems, but recognition of personal content such as contact names remains a challenge. In this work, we describe…

Connectionist Temporal Classification (CTC) based end-to-end speech recognition system usually need to incorporate an external language model by using WFST-based decoding in order to achieve promising results. This is more essential to…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-04-24 Shiliang Zhang , Ming Lei , Zhijie Yan

We propose a multitask training method for attention-based end-to-end speech recognition models. We regularize the decoder in a listen, attend, and spell model by multitask training it on both audio-text and text-only data. Trained on the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-15 Peidong Wang , Tara N. Sainath , Ron J. Weiss

The success of the multilingual automatic speech recognition systems empowered many voice-driven applications. However, measuring the performance of such systems remains a major challenge, due to its dependency on manually transcribed…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-04-04 Shammur Absar Chowdhury , Ahmed Ali

Non-native speech causes automatic speech recognition systems to degrade in performance. Past strategies to address this challenge have considered model adaptation, accent classification with a model selection, alternate pronunciation…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-10-03 Shahram Ghorbani , Ahmet E. Bulut , John H. L. Hansen

Segmental conditional random fields (SCRFs) and connectionist temporal classification (CTC) are two sequence labeling methods used for end-to-end training of speech recognition models. Both models define a transcription probability by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-06-07 Liang Lu , Lingpeng Kong , Chris Dyer , Noah A. Smith

Recently, the acoustic-to-word model based on the Connectionist Temporal Classification (CTC) criterion was shown as a natural end-to-end model directly targeting words as output units. However, this type of word-based CTC model suffers…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-11-29 Jinyu Li , Guoli Ye , Rui Zhao , Jasha Droppo , Yifan Gong

Connectionist Temporal Classification (CTC) is a widely used method for automatic speech recognition (ASR), renowned for its simplicity and computational efficiency. However, it often falls short in recognition performance. In this work, we…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-02-17 Zengwei Yao , Wei Kang , Xiaoyu Yang , Fangjun Kuang , Liyong Guo , Han Zhu , Zengrui Jin , Zhaoqing Li , Long Lin , Daniel Povey

Confidence estimation of predictions from an End-to-End (E2E) Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) model benefits ASR's downstream and upstream tasks. Class-probability-based confidence scores do not accurately represent the quality of…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-01-09 Nagarathna Ravi , Thishyan Raj T , Vipul Arora

Speech recognition in mixed language has difficulties to adapt end-to-end framework due to the lack of data and overlapping phone sets, for example in words such as "one" in English and "w\`an" in Chinese. We propose a CTC-based end-to-end…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-10-31 Genta Indra Winata , Andrea Madotto , Chien-Sheng Wu , Pascale Fung

Continual learning for end-to-end automatic speech recognition has to contend with a number of difficulties. Fine-tuning strategies tend to lose performance on data already seen, a process known as catastrophic forgetting. On the other…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-05-18 Peter Plantinga , Jaekwon Yoo , Chandra Dhir

Achieving high accuracy with end-to-end speech recognizers requires careful parameter initialization prior to training. Otherwise, the networks may fail to find a good local optimum. This is particularly true for online networks, such as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-09-03 Suyoun Kim , Michael L. Seltzer , Jinyu Li , Rui Zhao

Automatic recognition systems for child speech are lagging behind those dedicated to adult speech in the race of performance. This phenomenon is due to the high acoustic and linguistic variability present in child speech caused by their…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-03-05 Lucile Gelin , Morgane Daniel , Julien Pinquier , Thomas Pellegrini

Contrastive Predictive Coding (CPC) is a representation learning method that maximizes the mutual information between intermediate latent representations and the output of a given model. It can be used to effectively initialize the encoder…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-02-06 Aparna Khare , Minhua Wu , Saurabhchand Bhati , Jasha Droppo , Roland Maas

Contextualized end-to-end automatic speech recognition has been an active research area, with recent efforts focusing on the implicit learning of contextual phrases based on the final loss objective. However, these approaches ignore the…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-12 Muhammad Shakeel , Yui Sudo , Yifan Peng , Shinji Watanabe

Automatic speech recognition (ASR) tasks are resolved by end-to-end deep learning models, which benefits us by less preparation of raw data, and easier transformation between languages. We propose a novel end-to-end deep learning model…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-10-31 Xinpei Zhou , Jiwei Li , Xi Zhou

The predominant metric for evaluating speech recognizers, the Word Error Rate (WER) has been extended in different ways to handle transcripts produced by long-form multi-talker speech recognizers. These systems process long transcripts…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-05 Thilo von Neumann , Christoph Boeddeker , Marc Delcroix , Reinhold Haeb-Umbach

Neural contextual biasing effectively improves automatic speech recognition (ASR) for crucial phrases within a speaker's context, particularly those that are infrequent in the training data. This work proposes contextual text injection…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-12 Zhong Meng , Zelin Wu , Rohit Prabhavalkar , Cal Peyser , Weiran Wang , Nanxin Chen , Tara N. Sainath , Bhuvana Ramabhadran

Continuous sign language recognition (SLR) deals with unaligned video-text pair and uses the word error rate (WER), i.e., edit distance, as the main evaluation metric. Since it is not differentiable, we usually instead optimize the learning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-10-13 Junfu Pu , Wengang Zhou , Hezhen Hu , Houqiang Li

Recent works in speech recognition rely either on connectionist temporal classification (CTC) or sequence-to-sequence models for character-level recognition. CTC assumes conditional independence of individual characters, whereas…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-10-02 Stavros Petridis , Themos Stafylakis , Pingchuan Ma , Georgios Tzimiropoulos , Maja Pantic