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We introduce a systematic approach to express generating functions for the enumeration of maps on surfaces of high genus in terms of a single generating function relevant to planar surfaces. Central to this work is the comparison of two…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2023-02-07 Nicholas Ercolani , Joceline Lega , Brandon Tippings

This introductory paper studies a class of real analytic functions on the upper half plane satisfying a certain modular transformation property. They are not eigenfunctions of the Laplacian and are quite distinct from Maass forms. These…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2017-10-27 Francis Brown

The generating function that records the sizes of directed circuit partitions of a connected 2-in, 2-out digraph D can be determined from the interlacement graph of D with respect to a directed Euler circuit; the same is true of the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-09-24 Lorenzo Traldi

Higher genus partition functions of two-dimensional conformal field theories have to be invariants under linear actions of mapping class groups. We illustrate recent results [4,6] on the construction of such invariants by concrete…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2013-02-20 Jens Fjelstad , Jurgen Fuchs , Christoph Schweigert , Carl Stigner

We define a modular function which is a generalization of the elliptic modular lambda function. We show this function and the modular invariant function generate the modular function field with respect to the principal congruence subgroup.…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2015-04-21 Noburo Ishii

We explicitly show how the chiral superstring amplitudes can be obtained through factorisation of the higher genus chiral measure induced by suitable degenerations of Riemann surfaces. This powerful tool also allows to derive, at any…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-03-13 Marco Matone , Roberto Volpato

A gain graph is a graph whose edges are labelled invertibly by "gains" from a group. "Switching" is a transformation of gain graphs that generalizes conjugation in a group. A "weak chromatic function" of gain graphs with gains in a fixed…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2010-01-26 Pascal Berthome , Raul Cordovil , David Forge , Veronique Ventos , Thomas Zaslavsky

We study the modular graph functions introduced by Green, Russo, Vanhove in the context of type II superstring scattering amplitudes of 4 gravitons on a torus. In particular we describe a method to algorithmically compute the coefficients…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2017-04-12 Federico Zerbini

Clustering algorithms for large networks typically use modularity values to test which partitions of the vertex set better represent structure in the data. The modularity of a graph is the maximum modularity of a partition. We consider the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-12-22 Colin McDiarmid , Fiona Skerman

We derive new Poincar\'e-series representations for infinite families of non-holomorphic modular invariant functions that include modular graph forms as they appear in the low-energy expansion of closed-string scattering amplitudes at genus…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2022-02-09 Daniele Dorigoni , Axel Kleinschmidt , Oliver Schlotterer

Special values of Siegel modular functions for $\operatorname{Sp} (\mathbb{Z})$ generate class fields of CM fields. They also yield abelian varieties with a known endomorphism ring. Smaller alternative values of modular functions that lie…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-05-13 Andreas Enge , Marco Streng

We propose a spectrum for a class of gauged non-compact G/Ad(H) WZNW models, including spectrally flowed images of highest, lowest, and mixed extremal weight modules. These are combined into blocks whose characters, due to the Lorentzian…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2011-05-10 Jonas Bjornsson , Jens Fjelstad

Green's functions are highly useful in analyzing the dynamical behavior of polynomials in their escaping set. The aim of this paper is to construct an analogue of Green's functions for planar quasiregular mappings of degree two and constant…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2024-08-22 Mark Broderius , Alastair Fletcher

We obtain explicit expressions for genus 2 degenerate sigma-function in terms of genus $1$ sigma-function and elementary functions as solutions of a system of linear PDEs satisfied by the sigma-function. By way of application we derive a…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2018-11-15 Julia Bernatska , Dmitry Leykin

Understanding the role that subgradients play in various second-order variational analysis constructions can help us uncover new properties of important classes of functions in variational analysis. Focusing mainly on the behavior of the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-01-12 N. T. V. Hang , W. Jung , M. E. Sarabi

Using Arakelov geometry, we compute the partition function of the noncompact free boson at genus two. We begin by compiling a list of modular invariants which appear in the Arakelov theory of Riemann surfaces. Using these quantities, we…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2023-08-22 Thomas Vandermeulen

We address a number of puzzles relating to the proposed formulae for the degeneracies of dyons in orbifold compactifications of the heterotic string to four dimensions with $N =4$ supersymmetry. The partition function for these dyons is…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2008-11-26 Atish Dabholkar , Davide Gaiotto , Suresh Nampuri

We introduce an expressive subclass of non-negative almost submodular set functions, called strongly 2-coverage functions which include coverage and (sums of) matroid rank functions, and prove that the homogenization of the generating…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-03-08 Dorna Abdolazimi , Shayan Oveis Gharan

The integral of an arbitrary two-loop modular graph function over the fundamental domain for $SL(2,Z)$ in the upper half plane is evaluated using recent results on the Poincar\'e series for these functions.

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2019-06-13 Eric D'Hoker

We construct a modular desingularisation of $\overline{\mathcal{M}}_{2,n}(\mathbb{P}^r,d)^{\text{main}}$. The geometry of Gorenstein singularities of genus two leads us to consider maps from prestable admissible covers: with this enhanced…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2023-06-14 Luca Battistella , Francesca Carocci