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We show a general result known as the Erdos_Sos Conjecture: if $E(G)>{1/2}(k-1)n$ where $G$ has order $n$ then $G$ contains every tree of order $k+1$ as a subgraph.

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2010-08-02 Jesse Gilbert

For any graph $G$, let $t(G)$ be the number of spanning trees of $G$, $L(G)$ be the line graph of $G$ and for any non-negative integer $r$, $S_r(G)$ be the graph obtained from $G$ by replacing each edge $e$ by a path of length $r+1$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-04-24 Fengming Dong , Weigen Yan

In [Directed tree-width, J. Combin. Theory Ser. B 82 (2001), 138-154] we introduced the notion of tree-width of directed graphs and presented a conjecture, formulated during discussions with Noga Alon and Bruce Reed, stating that a digraph…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-10-05 Thor Johnson , Neil Robertson , Paul Seymour , Robin Thomas

In 1989, Zehavi and Itai conjectured that every $k$-connected graph contains $k$ independent spanning trees rooted at any prescribed vertex $r$. That is, for each vertex $v$, the unique $r$-$v$ paths within these $k$ spanning trees are…

We give a complete characterization of bipartite graphs having tree-like Galois lattices. We prove that the poset obtained by deleting bottom and top elements from the Galois lattice of a bipartite graph is tree-like if and only if the…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2014-06-03 Nicola Apollonio , Massimiliano Caramia , Paolo Giulio Franciosa

The Ramsey number $R_X(p,q)$ for a class of graphs $X$ is the minimum $n$ such that every graph in $X$ with at least $n$ vertices has either a clique of size $p$ or an independent set of size $q$. We say that Ramsey numbers are linear in…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-12-07 Bogdan Alecu , Aistis Atminas , Vadim Lozin , Viktor Zamaraev

The conjecture of Beineke and Harary states that for any two vertices which can be separated by $k$ vertices and $l$ edges for $l\geq 1$ but neither by $k$ vertices and $l-1$ edges nor $k-1$ vertices and $l$ edges there are $k+l$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-11-18 Sebastian S. Johann , Sven O. Krumke , Manuel Streicher

Let $k$ and $n$ be integers such that $1\leq k \leq n-1$, and let $G$ be a simple graph of order $n$. The $k$-token graph $F_k(G)$ of $G$ is the graph whose vertices are the $k$-subsets of $V(G)$, where two vertices are adjacent in $F_k(G)$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-06-22 Ruy Fabila-Monroy , Jesús Leaños , Ana Laura Trujillo-Negrete

We investigate string graphs through the lens of graph product structure theory, which describes complicated graphs as subgraphs of strong products of simpler building blocks. A graph $G$ is called a string graph if its vertices can be…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-11-20 Nikolai Karol

An efficient implicit representation of an $n$-vertex graph $G$ in a family $\mathcal{F}$ of graphs assigns to each vertex of $G$ a binary code of length $O(\log n)$ so that the adjacency between every pair of vertices can be determined…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-12-15 Hamed Hatami , Pooya Hatami

The Tur\'an number of a graph $H$, denoted by $ex(n,H)$, is the maximum number of edges in any graph on $n$ vertices containing no $H$ as a subgraph. A linear (star) forest is a forest consisting of paths (stars). A path-star forest $F$ is…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-12-11 Xiaona Fang , Yaojun Chen , Lihua You

We consider the problem of approximating the arboricity of a graph $G= (V,E)$, which we denote by $\mathsf{arb}(G)$, in sublinear time, where the arboricity of a graph is the minimal number of forests required to cover its edges. An…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-10-29 Talya Eden , Saleet Mossel , Dana Ron

The number of spanning trees of a graph $G$, denoted $\tau(G)$, is a well studied graph parameter with numerous connections to other areas of mathematics. In a recent remarkable paper, answering a question of Sedl\'a\v{c}ek from 1969, Chan,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-08-26 Noga Alon , Matija Bucić , Lior Gishboliner

Let $G$ be a graph of order $n$. A path decomposition $\mathcal{P}$ of $G$ is a collection of edge-disjoint paths that covers all the edges of $G$. Let $p(G)$ denote the minimum number of paths needed in a path decomposition of $G$. Gallai…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-10-18 Xiaohong Chen , Baoyindureng Wu

An $r$-uniform hypergraph is a tight $r$-tree if its edges can be ordered so that every edge $e$ contains a vertex $v$ that does not belong to any preceding edge and the set $e-v$ lies in some preceding edge. A conjecture of Kalai [Kalai],…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-12-13 Zoltán Füredi , Tao Jiang , Alexandr Kostochka , Dhruv Mubayi , Jacques Verstraëte

1-planar graphs are graphs that can be drawn in the plane such that any edge intersects with at most one other edge. Ackerman showed that the edges of a 1-planar graph can be partitioned into a planar graph and a forest, and claims that the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-05-03 Sam Barr , Therese Biedl

A graph $G$ is called equiarboreal if the number of spanning trees containing a given edge in $G$ is independent of the choice of edge. In [Combinatorica 1(2) (1981) 163--167], Godsil proved that any graph which is a colour class in an…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-12-30 Wensheng Sun , Yujun Yang , Shou-Jun Xu

We prove that if $A$ and $B$ are daisy cubes whose $\tau$-graphs are forests, then $A$ and $B$ are isomorphic if and only if their $\tau$-graphs are isomorphic. The result is applied to show that a daisy cube with at least one edge is the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-03-27 Zhongyuan Che , Niko Tratnik , Petra Žigert Pleteršek

Given a graph $H$, we say that an edge-coloured graph $G$ is $H$-rainbow saturated if it does not contain a rainbow copy of $H$, but the addition of any non-edge in any colour creates a rainbow copy of $H$. The rainbow saturation number…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-04-17 Natalie Behague , Tom Johnston , Shoham Letzter , Natasha Morrison , Shannon Ogden

As a generalization of the Edmonds arborescence packing theorem, Kamiyama--Katoh--Takizawa (2009) gave a good characterization of directed graphs that contain arc-disjoint arborescences spanning the set of vertices reachable from each root.…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2018-08-23 Tatsuya Matsuoka , Shin-ichi Tanigawa
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