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It is hypothesised that the avian compass relies on spin dynamics in a recombining radical pair. Quantum coherence has been suggested as a resource to this process that nature may utilise to achieve increased compass sensitivity. To date,…

Biological Physics · Physics 2022-06-22 Luke D. Smith , Jean Deviers , Daniel R. Kattnig

The radical pair mechanism is one of two distinct mechanisms used to explain the navigation of birds in geomagnetic fields. However, little research has been done to explore the role of quantum entanglement in this mechanism. In this paper,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-12 James A. Pauls , Yiteng Zhang , Gennady P. Berman , Sabre Kais

The chemical compass model, based on radical pair reactions, is a fascinating idea to explain avian magnetoreception. At present, questions concerning the key ingredients responsible for the high sensitivity of a chemical compass and the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-04-12 Jianming Cai , Filippo Caruso , Martin B. Plenio

In artificial systems, quantum superposition and entanglement typically decay rapidly unless cryogenic temperatures are used. Could life have evolved to exploit such delicate phenomena? Certain migratory birds have the ability to sense very…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-03-13 Erik Gauger , Elisabeth Rieper , John J. L. Morton , Simon C. Benjamin , Vlatko Vedral

The radical pair model has been successful in explaining behavioral characteristics of the geomagnetic compass believed to underlie the navigation capability of certain avian species. In this study, the spin dynamics of the radical pair…

Biological Physics · Physics 2015-01-29 Vishvendra Singh Poonia , Dipankar Saha , Swaroop Ganguly

The functional window is an experimentally observed property of the avian compass that refers to its selectivity around the geomagnetic field strength. We show that the radical-pair model, using biologically feasible hyperfine parameters,…

Biological Physics · Physics 2017-05-31 Vishvendra Singh Poonia , Kiran Kondabagil , Dipankar Saha , Swaroop Ganguly

We review the spin radical pair mechanism which is a promising explanation of avian navigation. This mechanism is based on the dependence of product yields on (1) the hyperfine interaction involving electron spins and neighboring nuclear…

Biological Physics · Physics 2015-03-24 Yiteng Zhang , Gennady P. Berman , Sabre Kais

One of the principal models of magnetic sensing in migratory birds rests on the quantum spin-dynamics of transient radical pairs created photochemically in ocular cryptochrome proteins. We consider here the role of electron spin…

Biological Physics · Physics 2016-11-11 Hannah J. Hogben , Till Biskup , P. J. Hore

The Radical Pair Mechanism can help to explain avian orientation and navigation. Some evidence indicates that the intensity of external magnetic fields plays an important role in avian navigation. In this paper, based on a two-stage…

Biological Physics · Physics 2015-06-18 Yiteng Zhang , Gennady P. Berman , Sabre Kais

The mechanism used by migratory birds to orientate themselves using the geomagnetic field is still a mystery in many species. The radical pair mechanism, in which very weak magnetic fields can influence certain types of spin-dependent…

Biological Physics · Physics 2013-09-24 Neill Lambert , Simone De Liberato , Clive Emary , Franco Nori

It is known that more than 50 species use the Earth's magnetic field for orientation and navigation. Intensive studies particularly behavior experiments with birds, provide support for a chemical compass based on magnetically sensitive free…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-12-10 Jianming Cai , Martin B. Plenio

Migratory birds can utilize the geomagnetic field for orientation and navigation through a widely accepted radical-pair mechanism. Although many theoretical works have been done the available experimental results have not been fully…

Biological Physics · Physics 2015-06-16 Bao-Ming Xu , Jian Zou , Jun-Gang Li , Bin Shao

The ability of migratory birds to orient relative to the Earth's magnetic field is believed to involve a coherent superposition of two spin states of a radical electron pair. However, the mechanism by which this coherence can be maintained…

Biological Physics · Physics 2014-10-22 Zachary B. Walters

Magnetic measurement can be performed by various sensors, such as SQUID and Giant Magnetoresistance. This device can achieve high accuracy while losing efficiency and convenience. The model of biological magnetic sensing in avian proposes a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-02-25 Wei-Yin Chiang , Yuan-Chung Cheng , Min-Hsiu Hsieh

The radical-pair-based chemical reaction could be used by birds for the navigation via the geomagnetic direction. An inherent physical mechanism is that the quantum coherent transition from a singlet state to triplet states of the radical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-02-23 C. Y. Cai , Qing Ai , H. T. Quan , C. P. Sun

Several experiments over the years have shown that the Earth's magnetic field is essential for orientation in birds migration. The most promising explanation for this orientation is the photo-stimulated radical pair (RP) mechanism. In order…

Biological Physics · Physics 2015-08-10 Alejandro Carrillo , Marcio F. Cornelio , Marcos C. de Oliveira

The magnetic sensing mechanism proposed to exist in avian eyes functions as a compass that detects the geomagnetic inclination aiding their migration. This mechanism is modeled by a quantum spin model known as the radical pair (RP) model.…

Biological Physics · Physics 2025-03-13 Tokio Yoshida , Masaya Kunimi , Tetsuro Nikuni

Advancing our understanding of non-trivial quantum effects in biomolecular complexes operating in physiological conditions requires the precise characterisation of the non-classicalities that may be present in such systems as well as…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-12-01 Thao P. Le , Alexandra Olaya-Castro

Cryptochrome flavoproteins are prime candidates for mediating magnetic sensing in migratory animals via the radical pair mechanism (RPM), a spin-dependent process initiated by photoinduced electron transfer. The canonical FAD-tryptophan…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2025-09-01 Zou Chengye , Liu Ya-jun , Wang Beibei

Sensing of the geomagnetic field direction by many living organisms is commonly thought to involve radical pairs, such as those formed photochemically between the flavin and tryptophan radicals in the cryptochrome proteins. Previous…

Biological Physics · Physics 2026-02-24 Victor Bezchastnov , Tatiana Domratcheva
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