Related papers: A flow paradigm in heavy-ion collisions
Collective flow of the final-state hadrons observed in ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions or even in smaller systems formed in high-multiplicity pp and p/d/$^3$He-nucleus collisions is one of the most important diagnostic tools to probe…
We study the relation between elliptic flow, $v_2$ and the initial eccentricity, $\varepsilon_2$, in heavy-ion collisions, using hydrodynamic simulations. Significant deviations from linear eccentricity scaling are seen in more peripheral…
In the context of event-by-event hydrodynamic description, we analyze the implications of two models characterized by distinct initial conditions. The initial energy density of the first model adopts a Gaussian-type distribution, while…
A model for energy, pressure and flow velocity distributions at the beginning of relativistic heavy ion collisions is presented, which can be used as initial condition for hydrodynamical calculations. The results show that QGP forms a…
The analysis of anisotropic flow of particles created in high energy heavy-ion collisions gives insight into the early stage of these reactions. Measurements of directed flow (v1), elliptic flow (v2) and flow of 4th and 6th order (v4 and…
We present an introductory review of the early time dynamics of high-energy heavy-ion collisions and the kinetics of high temperature QCD. The equilibration mechanisms in the quark-gluon plasma uniquely reflect the non-abelian and…
A framework combining Yang-Mills dynamics of the pre-equilibrium glasma with relativistic viscous hydrodynamic evolution of the quark-gluon plasma and hadron gas phases is presented. Event-by-event fluctuations of nucleon positions and…
A very intuitive description of nucleus-nucleus collision phenomena is provided by the relativistic fluid dynamics. We consider a 1+1 dimensional relativistic imperfect fluid flow to approximate the high energy heavy ion collision. The…
We investigate the possibility of selecting heavy ion collision events with certain features in the initial state ("event engineering"). Anisotropic flow measurements in heavy ion reactions have confirmed the almost ideal fluid dynamical…
The common interpretation of elliptic flow $v_2$ in heavy ion collisions is that it is produced by hydrodynamic flow at low transverse momentum and by parton energy loss at high transverse momentum. Here, we discuss this interpretation in…
We review integrated dynamical approaches to describe heavy ion reaction as a whole at ultrarelativistic energies. Since final observables result from all the history of the reaction, it is important to describe all the stages of the…
We study flow phenomena in relativistic heavy-ion collisions, both in transverse and radial direction, in comparison to experimental data. The collective dynamics of the nucleus-nucleus collision is described within a transport model of the…
Coupling hadronic kinetic theory models to fluid dynamics in phenomenological studies of heavy ion collisions requires a prescription for ``particlization''. Existing particlization models are based on implicit or explicit assumptions about…
Modelling Quark-Gluon Plasma formation and decay in high energy heavy ion reactions is presented in a framework of a multi-module setup. The collective features, governing the equlibrated fluid dynamical stages of the model are emphasized.…
A relativistic 3-fluid 3D hydrodynamic model has been developed for describing heavy-ion collisions at incident energies between few and $\sim$ 200 A$\cdot$GeV. In addition to two baryon-rich fluids which simulate mutually decelerating…
The hadronic phase and its dynamics in relativistic heavy-ion collisions are topics of immense discussion. The hadronic phase contains various massive hadrons with an abundance of the lightest hadron, i.e., $\pi$-mesons (pions). In this…
A model for ionization and recombination collisions in a multifluid plasma is formulated using the framework introduced in previous work [{Phys. Plasmas} \textbf{22}, 093512 (2015)]. The exchange source terms for density, momentum and…
While the existence of a strongly interacting state of matter, known as 'quark-gluon plasma' (QGP), has been established in heavy ion collision experiments in the past decade, the task remains to map out the transition from the hadronic…
Collective flow and balance energy in asymmetric heavy-ion collisions
The flow pattern and evolution of the medium created in ultrarelativistic heavy ion collisions can have significant influence on the energy loss of hard partons traversing the medium. We demonstrate that within a range of assumptions for…