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The recently proposed probabilistic spin logic presents promising solutions to novel computing applications. Multiple cases of implementations, including invertible logic gate, have been studied numerically by simulations. Here we report an…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2019-12-06 Yang Lv , Robert P. Bloom , Jian-Ping Wang

Zhang et al. (ICML 2021, PLMR 139, pp. 12447-1245) introduced probabilistic generating circuits (PGCs) as a probabilistic model to unify probabilistic circuits (PCs) and determinantal point processes (DPPs). At a first glance, PGCs store a…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2024-04-05 Sanyam Agarwal , Markus Bläser

Probabilistic shaping (PS) has been widely studied and applied to optical fiber communications. The encoder of PS expends the number of bit slots and controls the probability distribution of channel input symbols. Not only studies focused…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-01-25 Tsuyoshi Yoshida , Koji Igarashi , Magnus Karlsson , Erik Agrell

The nearing end of Moore's Law has been driving the development of domain-specific hardware tailored to solve a special set of problems. Along these lines, probabilistic computing with inherently stochastic building blocks (p-bits) have…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-11-23 Navid Anjum Aadit , Andrea Grimaldi , Giovanni Finocchio , Kerem Y. Camsari

Integrated circuit implementations of coupled oscillator networks have recently gained increased attention. The focus is usually on using these networks for analogue computing, for example for solving computational optimization tasks. For…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2025-05-16 S. Y. Neyaz , A. Ashok , M. Schiek , C. Grewing , A. Zambanini , S. van Waasen

Probabilistic circuits (PCs) offer a promising avenue to perform embedded reasoning under uncertainty. They support efficient and exact computation of various probabilistic inference tasks by design. Hence, hardware-efficient computation of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Lingyun Yao , Martin Trapp , Jelin Leslin , Gaurav Singh , Peng Zhang , Karthekeyan Periasamy , Martin Andraud

Probabilistic bits (p-bits) offer an energy-efficient hardware abstraction for stochastic optimization; however, existing p-bit-based simulated annealing accelerators suffer from poor scalability and limited support for fully connected…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-02-19 Naoya Onizawa , Taiga Kubuta , Duckgyu Shin , Takahiro Hanyu

Probabilistic sentential decision diagrams are a class of structured-decomposable probabilistic circuits especially designed to embed logical constraints. To adapt the classical LearnSPN scheme to learn the structure of these models, we…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-07-27 Alessandro Antonucci , Alessandro Facchini , Lilith Mattei

Probabilistic computers replace logic gates with networks of interacting random variables, creating bidirectional systems that can back-derive inputs from outputs. Such architectures enable efficient generation of random samples,…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2026-01-21 Shreyes Nallan , Jian-Gang Zhu

Probabilistic circuits (PCs) are a family of generative models which allows for the computation of exact likelihoods and marginals of its probability distributions. PCs are both expressive and tractable, and serve as popular choices for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-03 Andy Shih , Dorsa Sadigh , Stefano Ermon

Probabilistic programming languages (PPLs) are expressive means for creating and reasoning about probabilistic models. Unfortunately hybrid probabilistic programs, involving both continuous and discrete structures, are not well supported by…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Poorva Garg , Steven Holtzen , Guy Van den Broeck , Todd Millstein

This paper introduces CMOS invertible-logic (CIL) circuits based on many-body Hamiltonians. CIL can realize probabilistic forward and backward operations of a function by annealing a corresponding Hamiltonian using stochastic computing. We…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2026-02-18 Naoya Onizawa , Takahiro Hanyu

Superparamagnetic tunnel junctions (SMTJs) are promising sources of randomness for compact and energy efficient implementations of probabilistic computing techniques. Augmenting an SMTJ with electronic circuits, to convert the random…

Many machine learning applications require the ability to learn from and reason about noisy multi-relational data. To address this, several effective representations have been developed that provide both a language for expressing the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2012-03-19 Matthias Brocheler , Lilyana Mihalkova , Lise Getoor

Probabilistic Circuits (PCs) are tractable representations of probability distributions allowing for exact and efficient computation of likelihoods and marginals. Recent advancements have improved the scalability of PCs either by leveraging…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Honghua Zhang , Meihua Dang , Benjie Wang , Stefano Ermon , Nanyun Peng , Guy Van den Broeck

In this paper we discuss the potential of emerging spintorque devices for computing applications. Recent proposals for spinbased computing schemes may be differentiated as all-spin vs. hybrid, programmable vs. fixed, and, Boolean vs.…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2013-08-19 Kaushik Roy , Mrigank Sharad , Deliang Fan , Karthik Yogendra

Continuous latent variables (LVs) are a key ingredient of many generative models, as they allow modelling expressive mixtures with an uncountable number of components. In contrast, probabilistic circuits (PCs) are hierarchical discrete…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-27 Gennaro Gala , Cassio de Campos , Robert Peharz , Antonio Vergari , Erik Quaeghebeur

Probabilistic circuits (PCs) represent a probability distribution as a computational graph. Enforcing structural properties on these graphs guarantees that several inference scenarios become tractable. Among these properties, structured…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-03 Meihua Dang , Antonio Vergari , Guy Van den Broeck

We propose a new exact approach for solving integer linear programming (ILP) problems which we will call projective splitting algorithms (PSAs). Unlike classical methods for solving ILP problems, PSAs conduct the search for the optimal…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2014-04-16 Federico Rodes , Isabel Mendez-Diaz , Paula Zabala

Exploiting spin degree of freedom of electron a new proposal is given to characterize spin-based logical operations using a quantum interferometer that can be utilized as a programmable spin logic device (PSLD). The ON and OFF states of…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2018-09-19 Moumita Patra , Santanu K. Maiti